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Indonesia is known as a country rich in various agricultural and plantation products, including vegetables. One effort to improve quality of the production by identifying and characterizing chromosomes. The purpose study to characterize number, shape and size of the chromosomes in Solanaceae family. The study using modified Squash method. Chromosome preparation including fixation, maceration, staining, and analyzed using Image Raster 3 application, then Corel Draw X6. The results showed study to characterize the number, shape and size in the Capsicum annum L. Tm 999 (2n=20m+4sm and 2,41 s/d 9,99 µm) then Capsicum frutescens L. Kencana (2n=16m+8sm and 3,12 s/d 10,49 µm). In Solanum lycopersicum Or Diana and Marta (2n=16m+8sm and 3,12 s/d 10,49 µm) then (2n=22m+2sm and 2,65 s/d 7,28 μm). In Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Juliet and Tropical Ruby (2n=18m+6sm and 0,77 s/d 1,81 μm) then (2n=20m+4sm and 0,39 s/d 0,94 μm). Solanum melongena L. Or Valerie and Mustang (2n=24m and 0.29 s/d 0.87 μm) then (2n=22m+2sm and 0,5 s/d 1.28 μm). In Solanum melongena L. Kania and Pulus (2n=20m+4sm and 0.64 s/d 3.43 μm) then (2n=16m+8sm and 0.84 s/d 2.51 μm). In Solanum melongena L. Jeno and Planet Hijau (2n=18m+6sm and 0.65 s/d 2.423 μm) then (2n=14m+10sm and 0.46 s/d 1.73 μm). In Capsicum annum var. Grossum L. Red Star and Purple Star (2n=22m+2sm and 3.19 s/d 8.49 μm) then (2n=24m and 5.5 s/d 11.92 μm). ABSTRAK Indonesia dikenal sebagai negara yang kaya berbagai hasil pertanian dan perkebunan, termasuk di dalamnya sayuran. Salah satu usaha memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas produksi dengan melakukan identifikasi dan karakterisasi dari kromosom. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkarakter jumlah, bentuk dan ukuran kromosom anggota familia Solanaceae. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode pencet (Squash) yang dimodifikasi. Preparasi kromosom meliputi fiksasi, maserasi staining dan dianalisis dengan aplikasi Image Raster 3 dan Corel Draw X6. Hasil penelitian karakterisasi kromosom yaitu jumlah, bentuk dan ukuran kromosom pada Capsicum annuum L. Tm 999 (2n=20m+4sm dan 2,41 s/d 9,99 µm) sedangkan Capsicum frutescens L. Kencana (2n=16m+8sm dan 3,12 s/d 10,49 µm). Pada Solanum lycopersicum Or Diana dan Marta (2n=20m+4sm dan 1,23 s/d 2,18 μm) sedangkan (2n=22m+2sm dan 2,65 s/d 7,28 μm). Pada Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Juliet dan Tropical Ruby (2n=18m+6sm dan 0,77 s/d 1,81 μm) sedangkan (20m+4sm dan 0,39 s/d 0,94 μm). Pada Solanum melongena L. Or Valerie dan Mustang (2n=24m dan 0.29 s/d 0.87 μm) sedangkan (2n=22m+2sm dan 0,5 s/d 1.28 μm). Pada Solanum melongena L. Kania dan Pulus, 2n=20m+4sm dan 0.64 s/d 3.43 μm serta 2n=16m+8sm dan 0.84 s/d 2.51 μm. Pada Solanum melongena L. Jeno dan Planet Hijau, (2n=18m+6sm dan 0.65 s/d 2.423 μm) sedangkan

Abstract. Febiansi D, Rahmayanti F, Kurnia RN, Silmi MA, Dewi AK, Millaty NK, Prasetya TA, Roshitafandi DA, Sartika HW, Trijoko. 2018. Species diversity of gastropods (Cypraeidae and Conidae) at Krakal Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Ocean Life 2: 27-32. Krakal is a beach in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia which has white sand and coral substrate in the intertidal zone. Cypraeidae and Conidae are families of gastropods found quite varied in the intertidal zone of Krakal Beach. The purpose of this research was to discover the diversity of Cypraeidae and Conidae families in the intertidal zone of Krakal Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted on May 24, 2014 and May 25, 2017. The ecological parameters recorded were  26,5oC for temperature in 2014 and  26oC for temperature in 2017 , ±3.35% for salinity in 2014 and ±3,6% for salinity in 2017, 7.7 for pH. in 2014 and 7 for pH in 2017. The samples were collected using purposive sampling method, and specimens were identified by determining the morphological characteristics of the shell. This study found 5 species of Cypraeidae family in the intertidal zone of Krakal Beach, those are Cypraea annulus, Cypraea bouteti, Cypraea moneta, Cypraea caputserpentis and Cypraea lynx. While for family Conidae 5 species were found, those are Conus coronatus, Conus ebraeus, Conus capitaneus, Conus botulinus, and Conus fergusoni.

Abstract. Kasiamdari RS, Febiansi D, Prabowo H, Aristya GR, Musthofa A. 2019. Genetic variation and characterization of the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) in sugarcane based molecular markers. Biodiversitas 20: 3087-3096. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) genotype is one of the sugar-producing plants and an important commodity to support the community’s economy. Plant breeders continuously cross-breed these plants to obtain cultivars with desirable traits to produce a variety of new phenotypes. An analysis of variation at gene-level is carried out as an important step in plant breeding programs. The purpose of the present study was to determine genetic variation and characterize the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) based on molecular markers. Twenty sugarcane cultivars were sampled from Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (BALITTAS) Malang and four sugarcane cultivars from PT. Madu Baru in Polosio A Plantation, Poncosari, Srandakan, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. DNAs were amplified using two primer pairs, i.e. AI and SMC226CG. The genetic variations of the twenty-four sugarcane cultivars were analyzed by constructing a dendrogram of the Amplified DNA using Multi-Variate Statistical Package (MVSP) software. The results showed that there were three large clusters, namely Cluster A consisting of ‘PS 865’, ‘PS 951’, ‘PS 921’, and ‘PS 58’, with a similarity index of 57%; Cluster B consisting of the sugarcane ‘Kentung’, with a similarity index of 33%; and cluster C consisting of the sugarcane ‘PSDK 923’, ‘PSBM 901’, ‘TLH 2’, ‘BL’, ‘PSJT 941’, ‘KK’, ‘PS 80.1649’, ‘PSCO 902’, ‘PS 80,910’, ‘PS 882’, ‘PS 862’, ‘PS 851’, ‘PS 881’, ‘PS 865’, ‘PS 384’, ‘VMC 76-16’, ‘BZ 132’, ‘PS 891’, ‘PS 41’ with a similarity index of 60%. Polymorphisms occurred after the DNAs were amplified and after the bands appeared in heterozygous and homozygous individuals. In sugarcane, the Sus2 gene when detected by the molecular marker primer AI showed high-sucrose sugarcane; whereas the Sus2 gene detected by the primer SMC226CG showed low-sucrose sugarcane. Results of the present study showed that all sugarcane samples were detected as having low sucrose except Bulu Lawang and Kentung cultivars.