Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang dinamis saat ini mendorong masyarakat untuk mengembangkan produk ilmiah yang dibungkus teknologi. Hal ini juga disadari oleh dunia pendidikan yang selalu berkembang sepanjang zaman. Kebutuhan ini diterapkan untuk mempermudah pekerjaan dan memperluas wawasan. Oleh karena itu kemajuan teknologi saat ini mulai mengarah pada kemajuan teknologi berbasis mobile. Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangat pesat. Banyak teknologi canggih telah diciptakan salah satunya adalah seperti gadget. Penggunaan gadget saat ini sangat meningkat terutama pada mahasiswa untuk menunjang pembelajaran di kampus. Dampak negatif dari penggunaan gadget adalah gangguan atau rusaknya mata akibat paparan sinar radiasi dari gadget tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan sekresi air mata sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan gadget selama 1 jam pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara angkatan 2015 dengan menggunakan tes Schirmer I. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pra eksperimental, dengan satu kelompok desain pretestposttest karena rumusan masalah yang diangkat yaitu mengukur sekresi air mata sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan gadget selama 1 jam pada mahasiswa. Dari hasil analisis Paired T-Test diperoleh nilai P <0,05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan sekresi air mata sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan gadget pada mahasiswa FK UMSU angkatan 2015 dengan menggunakan metode Schirmer I.

AbstrakTuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang sampai sekarang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia. Vitamin D dapat berperan melawan bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis melalui mekanisme cathelicidin intraseluler. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vitamin D terhadap perbaikan foto toraks pada pasien TB paru beretnis Batak. Sebanyak 42 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diambil dari beberapa puskesmas di Kota Medan dan Kabupaten Deli Serdang selama bulan Januari-Juni 2016. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan desain eksperimental murni tersamar tunggal (single-blind randomized controlled trial). Pasien dibagi secara acak menjadi kelompok vitamin D dan kelompok plasebo. Kelompok vitamin D diberikan tablet vitamin D oral 100.000 IU (2,5 mg) sebanyak 4 kali pemberian (minggu ke-0, 2, 4, 6). Kedua kelompok diperiksa kadar vitamin D dan foto toraks sebelum dan sesudah pengobatan selama 8 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok dengan pemberian vitamin D menunjukkan kenaikan kadar vitamin D secara signifikan (p=0,00) dibanding dengan kelompok yang diberi plasebo (0,26). Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada perbaikan foto toraks (p=0,06) antara kelompok vitamin D dan plasebo, tetapi jumlah subjek yang mengalami perbaikan foto zona paru pada kelompok vitamin D lebih banyak dibanding dengan kelompok plasebo (2:1). Simpulan, pemberian vitamin D tidak memengaruhi perbaikan foto toraks pada pasien TB paru beretnis Batak. Kata kunci: Foto toraks, suku Batak, tuberkulosis, vitamin D The Effect of Vitamin D on Chest X-ray Profile in Batak Ethnicity Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients AbstractTuberculosis is an infectious disease that is still a global health problem. Vitamin D may play a role in fighting the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis through the mechanism of intracellular cathelicidin. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D on the improvement of chest x-ray in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Batak ethnicity. As much as 42 patients who met the inclusion criteria taken from several clinics in Medan City and Deli Serdang District in January to June 2016. This is a analytical study using single-blind randomized controlled trial design. Patients were divided into groups of vitamin D and placebo groups. Vitamin D group was given vitamin D tablet 100,000 IU (2.5 mg) orally 4 times (0, 2, 4, 6 weeks). Levels of vitamin D and chest x-ray before and after 8 weeks of treatment were examined. The results showed that group with vitamin D levels increased significantly (p=0.00) compared to the placebo group (0.26). There was no significant difference in the improvement of thoracic images (p=0.06) between group with vitamin D and placebo groups. However, the number of subjects who experienced improvement of lung zone images in the vitamin D group more than the placebo group (2:1). In conclusion, vitamin D does not affect the improvement of chest x-ray in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Batak ethnicity.

In schizophrenic patients, symptoms of depression are often found which can lead to adverse effects on the treatment process, such as increasing the length of treatment, increasing the possibility of relapse, non-adherence in taking medication, and can also lead to suicide in schizophrenic patients. In schizophrenic patients, the activity of the central angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene is altered and angiotensin II interacts with central dopamine, thereby contributing to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In addition, it is likely that the ACE gene variant is also involved in the development of depressive symptoms in schizophrenic patients. This research is a categorical analytic study with a cross sectional method, the sampling method is non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling type, with a total sample of 42 people. There was no significant difference between depression symptoms and ACE gene polymorphisms with P value = 0.746. There was no significant difference between depression symptoms and ACE gene polymorphisms.

The GPA (Grade Point Average) is the passing score for each course a student gets every semester which is currently often used as a requirement for further study students (Masters or Specialists) or applying for jobs so that the GPA is considered important to describe student intelligence during taking the educational process. Many things affect student intelligence, one of which will be discussed and proven in this study is the value of the Physical Fitness Index. This study aims to determine the relationship between the Physical Fitness Index and the GPA score of FK UMSU students. This research is an analytical study using a cross-sectional approach. The research site was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine UMSU from April to June 2020. A total of 94 subjects with male gender totaled 25 people (26.6%), women totaled 69 people (73.4%). Based on the measurement of the Physical Fitness Index which was carried out using the Harvard Step Test method, the mean value of all 2018 students was 49.57. The average GPA of all 2018 students was 3.00. Based on the results of the statistical test, the relationship between the Faculty of Medicine UMSU student body fitness index and the cumulative grade point average is p = 0.87. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant association between the Faculty of Medicine UMSU student body fitness index and the grade point average.

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