Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is rich in polyphenolic compounds, which are thought to contribute to the health benefits of tea. Mate tea was administered orally to mice at a dose of 0·5, 1·0 or 2·0 g/kg for 60 d, and changes both in serum lipid concentration and fatty acid composition of liver and kidney were examined. The effects of mate tea on serum and tissue lipid peroxidation were assessed by the evaluation of thiobarbituric acidreactive substances (TBARS). In tea-consuming mice, both MUFA (18 : 1n-9) and PUFA (18 : 2n-6 and 20 : 4n-6) were increased (P, 0·05) in the liver lipid (approximately 90 and 60 %, respectively), whereas only MUFA (approximately 20 %) were increased in the kidney lipid. The most altered PUFA class was n-6 PUFA, which increased by approximately 60-75 % (P, 0·05). This difference in the fatty acid profile in the liver is reflected in the increased PUFA:SFA ratio. Consistent with these results, mice fed with mate tea had much lower TBARS in the liver. No differences (P.0·05) were found in the levels of serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and TAG under the conditions of the present study. These results suggest that treatment with mate tea was able to protect unsaturated fatty acids from oxidation and may have selective protective effects within the body, especially on the liver.

The Brazil nut is an important product from the Amazonian region and its productive chain is an income source for local communities. The effect of combinations of packaging atmospheres (loose or vacuum-packed) and storage temperatures (4±1 °C or 24±2 °C) on the tendency of lipid radical formation and on volatiles was investigated for the first time in shelled Brazil nut kernels. It was observed that refrigeration, whether combined with lose packing or vacuum packing, was effective to reduce the tendency for lipid radical formation, as detected by spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, as well as peroxides, conjugated dienes and 3-octen-2-one. However, the combination of refrigeration with vacuum packing, even using low-density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches with a high oxygen transmission rate (OTR), also reduced the formation of hexanal, which is a major off-flavor volatile, and thus should be recommended for the storage of Brazil nut kernels for the studied period. RESUMEN: Evolución en la formación de radicales lipídicos y pérdida de volátiles en nueces de Brasil empaquetadas al vacío y almacenadas a temperatura ambiente o refrigeradas.La nuez de Brasil es un producto importante de la región amazónica y su cadena productiva es fuente de ingresos para las comunidades locales. Se investigó por la primera vez el efecto de combinaciones de atmósferas de empaquetado (sueltas o empaquetadas al vacío) y temperaturas de almacenamiento (4 ± 1 °C o 24 ± 2 °C) sobre la evolución de la formación de radicales lipídicos y en los volátiles en nueces de Brasil. Se observó que la refrigeración, en combinación con envasado solo o al vacío, fue eficaz para reducir la formación de radicales lipídicos, como se detectó mediante espectroscopía de resonancia magnética de espín (ESR), así como de peróxidos, dienos conjugados y 3-octen-2-ona. Sin embargo, la combinación de refrigeración con envasado al vacío, incluso utilizando bolsas de polietileno de baja densidad (LDPE) con alta velocidad de transmisión de oxígeno (OTR), también redujo la formación de hexanal, que es un volátil de sabor desagradable, por lo que debería recomendarse para el almacenamiento de almendras de Brasil durante el período estudiado.ORCID ID: Sartori AGO https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6782-5379, Sampaio GR https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7763-4664, Bastos DHM https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9095-2843, Spoto MHF https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9219-6343, Skibsted LH https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1734-5016, Regitano-d'Arce MAB https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6801-6277Citation/Cómo citar este artículo: Sartori AGO, Sampaio GR, Bastos DHM, Spoto MHF, Skibsted LH, Regitanod'Arce MAB. 2018. Tendency of lipid radical formation and volatiles in lose or vacuum-packed Brazil nuts stored at room temperature or under refrigeration. Grasas Aceites 69 (4), e283. https://doi.