No abstract

Few evaluations of community policing consider the program's effect on officers' attitudes about community policing or job satisfaction. The mixed results we do have are difficult to synthesize for numerous reasons, including the substantial variation in program design and implementation. This article examines variations in officers' attitudes across three different community policing programs in one department, using 11 scales for community police attitudes and 5 scales for job satisfaction. The programs varied in their design and length of implementation. Although the data are not conclusive, they suggest that officers' attitudes were influenced by both contextual factors and program variations.

Through an analysis of data from one large Midwestern municipal police agency, this study examined some of the issues affecting the promotion of female police officers. Specifically, the issues examined are those influencing the decision about whether to enter the promotional process and, once a decision is made to enter the process, those factors influencing women during the process. Within the agency under study, the rate of promotion for females still lags behind that for males. The study found that personal ‘choices' constrained by impediments from both within and outside the organisation contributed to the lack of parity. Based on these findings, suggestions are made for strategies to increase the numbers of women, relative to men, in supervisory and managerial positions.

This study examines the characteristics and institutional experience of inmate elders from one medium security institution. It also features a stratified random sample of inmates aged 49 and under from the same institution. Data were collected from inmates files and interviews with inmate elders (aged 50 and older) and institutional staff. Specific attention is given to policy issues concerning the treatment of this special needs group.

This research is an analysis of the ‘economic activities' of Russian police officers. ‘Economic activities' include acts defined as police corruption and police misconduct. Some of the activities are those which, if pursued in police agencies in the United States, would be defined as ‘moonlighting’. The Russian Law of the Militia defines not only police corruption and other forms of misconduct but defines and limits police participation in what would be considered legal economic activities. This law limits police ‘moonlighting’ to teaching, research or the arts. Other legitimate work such as private security, sales, etc comes to be defined as ‘misconduct’. The findings are based on surveys from 2,209 police officers stationed in eight regions of Russia during 2002. The surveys solicited self-report information on a variety of forms of police misconduct and corruption as well as attitudes concerning police misconduct and corruption and public attitudes toward police. In addition to the survey, interviews were conducted with police to gather qualitative information. The results showed that Russian police are highly involved in ‘economic’ activities in addition to their regular responsibilities as police. Many of the economic activities involve corruption. Many are those prohibited by the Law of the Militia. In fact, most of the reported activity was police misconduct created through the application of the Law of the Militia. It would not be considered illegal, immoral or unethical if the individual involved were not a police officer. This Law of the Militia plays a significant role in the institutionalisation of corruption and the creation of secondary deviance within this police force.