Two studies examined the reliability and validity of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). In Study 1, each subject rode an exercise bicycle under control and external focus conditions. The PACES had high internal consistency in both conditions. As predicted, subjects reported enjoying the exercise more, as measured by the PACES, in the external focus condition. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation in the control condition between subjects' PACES scores and their scores on a measure of boredom proneness. In Study 2, each subject rode an exercise bicycle and jogged on a minitrampoline in separate sessions; each then chose one of these activities for their third session. Again, the PACES had high internal consistency. And, as predicted, there was a significant relationship between subjects' PACES ratings (completed after each activity) and their choices of activity. Test-retest reliability was high for jogging and moderate for bicycling. These studies provide preliminary evidence of the reliability and validity of the PACES.

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Presents two studies exploring the links between self-schemata and exercise behavior. Study 1 was designed to study information processing in individuals with exercise self-schemata. Study 2 was designed to assess, in a prospective design, the relationship between exercise self-schema and subsequent exercise behavior. The results revealed that individuals with exerciser self-schemata (a) endorsed as self-descriptive more words and phrases related to exercising and fewer related to not exercising, (b) tended to take less time to make schema-consistent judgments, (c) recalled more specific instances of past exerciser behavior and fewer specific instances of nonexerciser behavior, and (d) predicted that they were more likely to engage in future pro-exercise behavior. Moreover, individuals who thought of themselves as exercisers were more likely to report that they had adopted an exercise program than were individuals without such a self-schema.

It was hypothesized that self-schema would moderate the relationship between dieting female undergraduates' dieting intentions and their behavior. The predicted pattern was found: Schematics showed a significant correlation between their intentions and theirdietingbehaviorover8 weeks, but aschematics did not. This finding held even when dieting experience was taken into account. Although the groups showed similar stability of specific dieting intentions, schematics had more stable general dieting intentions. The pattern of correlations over time showed that schematics and aschematics were comparable in initial attempts to act on their intentions, both lapsed during semester break, but only schematics recovered from their lapse. Implications for the role of the self in the implementation of "costly" intentions are discussed.

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