Electrospun nanofibers represent a novel class of materials that show great potential in many biomedical applications including biosensing, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, drug delivery and wound healing. In this work, we review recent advances in electrospun nanofibers for wound healing. This article begins with a brief introduction on the wound, and then discusses the unique features of electrospun nanofibers critical for wound healing. It further highlights recent studies that have used electrospun nanofibers for wound healing applications and devices, including sutures, multifunctional dressings, dermal substitutes, engineered epidermis and full-thickness skin regeneration. Finally, we finish with conclusions and future perspective in this field.
Biofilms of multidrug-resistant bacteria
in chronic wounds pose
a great challenge in wound care. Herein, we report the topical delivery
of molecularly engineered antimicrobial peptides using electrospun
nanofiber dressings as a carrier for the treatment of biofilms of
multidrug-resistant bacteria in diabetic wounds. Molecularly engineered
human cathelicidin peptide 17BIPHE2 was successfully encapsulated
in the core of pluronic F127/17BIPHE2-PCL core–shell nanofibers.
The in vitro release profiles of 17BIPHE2 showed an in initial burst
followed by a sustained release over 4 weeks. The peptide nanofiber
formulations effectively killed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) USA300. Similarly, the
17BIPHE2 peptide containing nanofibers could also effectively kill
other bacteria including Klebsiella pneumoniae (104 to 106 CFU) and Acinetobacter
baumannii (104 to 107 CFU) clinical
strains in vitro without showing evident cytotoxicity to skin cells
and monocytes. Importantly, 17BIPHE2-containing nanofiber dressings
without debridement caused five-magnitude decreases of the MRSA USA300
CFU in a biofilm-containing chronic wound model based on type II diabetic
mice. In combination with debridement, 17BIPHE2-containing nanofiber
dressings could completely eliminate the biofilms, providing one possible
solution to chronic wound treatment. Taken together, the biodegradable
nanofiber-based wound dressings developed in this study can be utilized
to effectively deliver molecularly engineered peptides to treat biofilm-containing
chronic wounds.
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