Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a widely used therapy for coronary artery disease (CAD), but it carries risks and complications. Adhering to evidence-based practice guidelines is crucial for optimal outcomes. This review compares the recommendations of the 2021 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (ACC/AHA/SCAI) and 2018 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for coronary artery revascularization and discusses emerging trends and novel devices in PCI. A comprehensive literature review of mixed studies, clinical trials, and guidelines was conducted. Intravascular imaging, including intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography, for stent optimization, is also recommended when feasible. However, differences reflecting variations in evidence quality interpretation and applicability were identified. Furthermore, novel devices and technologies with the potential for improving outcomes were highlighted, but their safety and efficacy compared to standard-of-care techniques require further evaluation through extensive randomized trials. Clinicians should stay updated on advancements and personalize treatment decisions based on individual patient factors. Future research should address evidence gaps and barriers to adopting innovative devices and techniques. This review provides recommendations for clinical practice, emphasizing the need to remain current with the evolving landscape of PCI to optimize patient outcomes. The discoveries provide valuable counsel for the deliberation of clinical interventions and prospective inquiries within the realm of interventional cardiology. Overall, the review underscores the importance of evidence-based practice and ongoing advancements in PCI for CAD management.

Papilledema is the swelling of the optic disc due to the transmission of intracranial pressure through the optic nerve. It can occur as a symptom of various intracranial pathologies that elevate the intracranial pressure. Even though anemia has been described as an association with raised intracranial pressure, the exact causal relationship between the two has not been well established in the literature. We present one such unusual case wherein a 21-year-old female patient, who complained of headaches, was found to have papilledema and severe anemia. After an unyielding workup for secondary causes, the rare association between papilledema and anemia was considered and prompt hemoglobin correction was ensued. Subsequently, resolution of papilledema and improvement in the visual acuity of the patient was observed. Although the causal relationship between anemia and papilledema has not been thoroughly explained, appropriate workup and correction of anemia play an integral role in the management of patients with papilledema and the prevention of long-term ocular complications.