Background: The existing data show that inflammasomes play a role in periodontal disease pathogenesis. However, their role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and coronary heart disease remains unclear. This study had the objective of assessing NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs2043211) gene polymorphisms in dental plaque and blood of generalized chronic periodontitis (CP) patients in the presence and absence of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: A total of 70 subjects were divided into two groups, including CP and CP + CHD subjects. Demographic variables, periodontal, and cardiac parameters were recorded from both groups. Subgingival plaque and blood samples were obtained from both groups and were subjected to further molecular analysis for NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs2043211) expression and allele change using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing (Sanger’s method). Results: Amongst the demographic variables, age, and monthly income were statistically significant between the two groups. Plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density-lipoprotein (LDL) exhibited statistically significant levels between the two groups. NLRP3 (rs4612666) and CARD8 (rs2043211) genes showed a statistically significant association of allele change (frequency) among the groups. In general, when all of the parameters were compared to the allele change of the genes, statistically significant relationships were found between the two groups. Conclusions: The present study expressed an allele change of the investigated genes which could profoundly affect the pathobiology of the two diseases under investigation.

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Blepharoplasty is a common aesthe c procedure performed among affl uent Asians. The most common group of popula on addressed with this surgery consists of elderly pa ents. Blepharoplasty is about sculpturing and contouring of the upper lid. As with any cosme c surgery, pa ent expecta ons are high and some mes unrealis c, hence it is of paramount importance to thoroughly understand, evaluate and establish the plan of surgery. The aim of this ar cle is to highlight the pathophysiological changes occurring in ageing lids and the various techniques for perfec ng upper and lower lid blepharoplasty.