l-Arginine (Arg) appears to have a beneficial effect on the regulation of nutrient metabolism to enhance lean tissue deposition and on insulin resistance in humans. The observed safe level for oral administration of Arg is ∼20 g/d, but higher levels have been tested in short-term studies without serious adverse effects; however, more data are needed in both animal models and humans to fully evaluate safety as well as efficacy. The primary objective of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and effectiveness of oral Arg in adults. Arg supplementation has been used safely in vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women, preterm infants, and individuals with cystic fibrosis. Several recent studies have shown beneficial effects of Arg in individuals with obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Collectively, the data suggest that Arg supplementation is a safe and generally well-tolerated nutriceutical that may improve metabolic profiles in humans.

Objectives: Teprotumumab, a novel monoclonal antibody, targets the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor. IGF-1 receptors, found in muscle and fat adjacent to the eye and implicated in Graves Ophthalmopathy, are also in the cochlea. In clinical trials, 5 participants reported self-limited audiologic symptoms but there are no objective data in the literature. The aim of this report is to describe one of the first known cases of teprotumumab-induced irreversible sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: Case report at a tertiary referral center Results: A 61 year old female with Graves ophthalmopathy presented with bilateral hearing loss, sound distortion, and tinnitus following treatment with teprotumumab. Audiogram showed mild sloping to moderately-severe sensorineural hearing loss. Repeat audiometry obtained 4 months after cessation of teprotumumab and treatment with oral corticosteroids was unchanged. Conclusions: This is one of the first descriptive cases of ototoxicity resulting in irreversible sensorineural hearing loss in the setting of treatment with teprotumumab. Periodic audiologic evaluations should be recommended to patients on teprotumumab.

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Antibiotics are chemicals, that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria and are used to treat bacterial infections. They are produced in nature by soil bacteria and fungi. Soil is the outer region of earth crust consisting of loose material. In this, soil samples from two areas were collected (vegetable dump area(A), street soil(B)) and analysed, different bacterial colonies from soil samples was formed and tested for antimicrobial activity. The isolated and subcultured strains showed permanent zones of inhibition. The inhibitory activity of the organism was checked against important microbial flora. In the present study a trail was done to find out a new antimicrobial agent, producing bacteria from soil samples collected from two places. conditions. The petriplates were marked as, sample A(A6, A7, A8and A9), sample B(B6, B7, B8 and B9).