Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare tumor of epithelial origin which accounts for 3% of odontogenic tumors. The most common area of involvement is the maxilla, about 65% of cases, followed by the mandibular region accounting to 35% of cases. This case report is of a 16 year old girl operated and diagnosed with AOT at the anterior aspect of the mandible. This case report also discussed about the necessity for a detailed descriptive, differentiating features of AOT from other odontogenic tumors, the most common misdiagnosis being dentigerous cyst.

Introduction With increasing popularity of  Endoscopic middle ear surgeries, a better understanding of the features salient to endoscopic and microscopic tympanoplasty has gained importance. This study aims to compare the results of both.   Materials and Methods It is a retrospective study based on MRD data collected from January 2017 to July 2018 on 40 patients with dry central perforation. 20 patients underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty and other 20 underwent microscopic tympanoplasty. Results of the surgery were compared at the end of 3 months which was based on the outcomes of surgery by means of graft uptake, comparison of pre-op and post-op audiogram readings . Results Eighteen cases (90%) of endoscopic surgery had mild CHL while in microscopic surgery 7 cases (35%) had moderate CHL. Average pre–op  ABG was 29.05 dB in microscopic  and 22.8dB in endoscopic surgery.  Average post-op ABG 12.65dB and 18.4 for endoscopic and microscopic surgery. There was significant improvement in hearing gain in both the surgeries (p<0.001). Graft uptake was found to be have similar outcome. Conclusion Endoscopic tympanoplasty can be a good alternative of microscopic tympanoplasty but needs more training as compared to conventional method.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the disease of the middle ear cleft, which presents as hearing loss and ear discharge. This study aimed to assess the role of pure tone audiometry (PTA) in analysing the ossicular erosion in mucosal type of CSOM subjects.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The current cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 people with mucosal CSOM.  Preoperative hearing was assessed by PTA. The surgeries were done and intra operative ossicular status were recorded. IBM SPSS 20 software was used for the analysis. Student t-test was used to correlate ossicular status and PTA findings.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among 60 subjects, 12 (20%) patients had eroded incus and 53 (88.3%) had normal stapes. The malleus was preserved in all patients. The result of our study showed that an average ABG of 58 dB at 500 Hz, 47 dB at 1 kHz, 41 dB at 2 kHz and 41 dB at 4 kHz in patients with   ossicular erosion. ABG for 500 Hz and 1 kHz were statistically significant for eroded incus. ABG for 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz and 4 kHz were all statistically significant for eroded stapes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is a significant difference between the PTA findings at different frequencies between intact and eroded ossicular chain. Pre-operative ABG helps us to assess the status of incus and stapes.</p>

<p>Chronic suppurative otitis media occurs in the population as a common disease among people living in low socio-economic status. The associated complaints such as hearing difficulty, irritation, discharge makes it difficult for the people to carry out their daily activities. Therefore, their immediate need for treatment occurs. This review aims at analysing the post-operative outcome of hearing following tympanoplasty in order to overcome their morbidity. The source of this study has been obtained from Pubmed, Google scholar and EMBASE. The material for this review was selected from a reference published between January 1975 to December 2014, with this analysis was made. The pre-op ABG in the studies were all falling in mild to moderate hearing loss according to WHO classification of hearing loss. The patients were grouped in Austin-Kartush criteria, groups A to E. The Austin-Kartush classification group A had 3 studies included. The mean ABG for each were 11.5,8.3 and 13.5. In group B,3studies were included. The mean ABG for each were 11.9,10.9 and 11.1. Group C had 4 studies. The mean ABG were 17.7,15,17.1 and 15.7. Group D had 4 studies included which had the same mean ABG 16.6. Group E had just 1 study of mean ABG 20.1. This review helped to establish that there was significant improvement in hearing post-surgery, in patients with varying degrees of hearing loss.</p>