Eight cases of a histological entity that we name 'acute eosinophilic appendicitis' (AEA) are described and compared with classical acute appendicitis and appendices, which turned out to be normal after emergency appendicectomy. These 8 cases formed part of a dataset of 128 emergency appendicectomies, which also included 78 cases of classical acute appendicitis and 42 cases of normal appendix. The clinical and pathological variables were compared between these three. Acute eosinophilic appendicitis is characterized by acute presentation and a grossly inflamed appendix, but with absence of neutrophils in the muscle layer. The histological hallmark of the entity is eosinophil infiltration of the muscularis propria with accompanying edema separating muscle fibers (the Eosinophil - Edema lesion). The duration and prevalence of symptoms, the male female ratio and the gross maximum circumference of the appendix in these 8 cases resembled classical acute appendicitis rather than those cases in which the morphology of the appendix was normal. The Eosinophil-Edema lesion was also seen in many cases of classical appendicitis in non-suppurative areas where neutrophils were sparse or absent. We hypothesize that this lesion is an allergic response and is probably an early event in the evolution of acute phlegmonous appendicitis. Acute eosinophilic appendicitis may merely be those cases that do not proceed on to suppuration.

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Vestigial tail otherwise called the neuroectodermal appendage is a rare occurrence. Very few cases have been reported in literature. Several congenital anomalies may coexist with vestigial tails. Associated cutaneous stigmata like dermal sinus, lipoma, hyperpigmented skin, hair patch have also been documented. In this study an attempt has been made to investigate the clinical and cytogenetic profile of a female infant with a tail like structure in the lumbosacral region associated with multiple limb defects. Cytogenetic profiles of family members were studied by performing karyotype analysis to look for chromosome level involvement in the development of this condition. The cytogenetic profiles were found to be normal. The tail was excised successfully without neurological deficits and limb defects were surgically corrected.