Although minimally processed food contains more beneficial nutrients, it is one of the largest sources of food-borne diseases. Therefore, this research aims to develop the efficiency of food sanitizer, targeted toward fresh food products using a green chemistry approach. The cinnamon and clove were extracted using water distillation and ethanol extraction with the green technique. The extracts were characterized for antimicrobial activity and incorporated into basic food sanitizer formulation. The solution's color and stability were evaluated and the sanitizer was applied to decontaminate fresh strawberries. The total microbial load before and after the application was also compared to determine the effectiveness of the food sanitizer. Based on the results, all the extracts showed high effectiveness in inhibiting various spoilage microorganisms that exist in food produced with water distillation. The extracts also showed better ability when incorporated into a water-based sanitizer. All the developed food sanitizers can reduce the microbial load of the fresh produce by 4 log per 5 minutes of contact time. Meanwhile, the water-distilled clove extract showed the most effectiveness, decreasing microbial log by 3.93±0.07 log CFU g^-1 of bacteria load and 4.37±0.14 log CFU g^-1 of mold load, respectively which performed good dispersion stability for approximately 10 days of observation. This indicated that food sanitizer using water-distilled clove extract could be applied as a good alternative to chemical-based sanitizer.

Jelly candy is syrup-phase, non-crystalline candy made using sugar, corn syrup and gelling agents such as gelatin, natural gums, pectin or starch. Roselle (<em>Hibiscus sabdariffa</em> L.) has red edible calyx that is the potential to be used as a natural colorant for jelly candy as it contains anthocyanins. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of different concentrations of dried roselle calyx and sucrose on the characteristics of roselle calyx jelly candy developed. The concentrations of sucrose used were 63.56%, 70.62%, 77.68% and 84.75%. The concentrations of dried roselle calyx used were 6.67%, 10.00%, 13.33% and 16.67%. Sensory analysis was done with 70 untrained panelists to analyze physical characteristics and preferences toward the jelly candies. Results of hedonic tests indicated that the best-formulated jelly candy according to aroma, texture, color and taste was made using 16.67% of dried roselle calyx and 63.56% of sucrose. The best-formulated jelly candy contains 19.52% of moisture, 0.03% of ash, 8.24% of protein, 1.72% of fat and 70.49% of carbohydrates. The selected jelly candy contains 14.23±0.23 mg 100g^-1 of anthocyanin and an antioxidant capacity (IC₅₀)value of 16863.8346 μg ml^-1. This research shows the potential use of roselle calyx as a natural colorant in jelly candy manufacturing and can be consumed as a healthier option for sweet treats.

The edible film can be used as a carrier of bioactive compounds that contributed to the shelf life or nutritional benefit of food products; however, the addition of bioactive compounds relied greatly on the compatibility of the bioactive compound toward the edible film matrix. Most of the bioactive compounds are nonpolar which are incompatible with the polar nature of the edible film. In this research, the nonpolar essential oil of cinnamon, a potent antimicrobial agent, was made into a double emulsion. The double emulsions were made through a two-step emulsification stage, with CaCl2 as the inner water phase and guar gum as the outer water phase. The physicochemical characteristics (stability, viscosity, and droplet size) and the antimicrobial activity of the double emulsion were observed. The double emulsion showed stability up to 7 days of storage at room temperature with high antimicrobial activity; MBC values of 0.86, 1.37, 0.31, and 0.51 mg/mL against E. coli, S. aureus, R. stolonifera, and A. niger, respectively. Different concentrations (5%,10%,15%) of both emulsions were added into edible film suspension. The formation of double emulsion showed a promising result as a means to incorporate nonpolar compounds into basic edible film formulation to increase its functional properties while retaining their physicochemical characteristic. All formulations showed good edible film characteristics, with edible film with 8% essential oil showing a high inhibition zone (15.81 dan 6.92 mm) toward E. Coli and R. stolonifer, 0.0052 mm thickness, the tensile strength of 6.32 MPa, 13% elongation and WVTR of 1.06 g/cm 2 .h.