Hexagonal Al-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) powders with a nominal composition of Zn 1−x Al x O (0≤x≤0.028) were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The contents of the Al element in the samples were measured by the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) technique. The structures of the Zn 1−x Al x O (0≤x≤0.028) compounds calcined at 1000 and 1200℃ have been determined using the Rietveld full-profile analysis method. Rietveld refinements of the diffraction data indicated that the addition of Al initially has a considerably positive effect on the decreasing of the lattice parameters a and c of Zn 1−x Al x O, but the effect becomes very slight and even negative with the further increase of the Al content. The solid solubility limit of Al in ZnO (mole fraction y) is 2.2l%, resulting in Zn 0.978 Al 0.22 O. It seems that when the Al content is excessive, Al prefers to form a ZnAl 2 O 4 compound with ZnO, but not to incorporate into the ZnO lattice to occupy the Zn 2+ cites. Two phases, [ZnO] (or Al-doped ZnO) and [ZnAl 2 O 4 ], are obviously segregated in Zn 1−x Al x O while the value of x is larger than 0.024. The UV-Vis absorption spectra show that the Al-doped ZnO exhibits a red-shift in the absorption edge without reduced transmission compared with pure ZnO, which also confirms that Al ions enter the ZnO lattice and form a Zn 1−x Al x O solid solution.Al-doped zinc oxide (ZnO), co-precipitation method, X-ray diffraction, crystal structure

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