Casing deformation frequently occurs during the development of shale gas in the Sichuan Basin. This leads to the failure of downhole fracturing tools and thus they cannot operate normally, thereby seriously affecting the field fracturing operation. Furthermore, partial treatment stages with severe casing damage are abandoned. Based on statistics, casing deformation was observed in 38 wells out of 72 horizontal wells after hydraulic fracturing. Previous studies on casing deformation during fracturing considered cementing quality, high casing internal pressure, temperature load, and casing

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