African teak (Milicia excelsa (Welw.) C.C. Berg) is an endangered multi-use species. Understanding the impact of climate change on the distribution of this species may improve the ability to anticipate or recognize its decline or expansion and to take appropriate conservation measures if necessary. Ecological niche modeling was projected in geographical space to study the current and future distribution of M. excelsa in Bénin. MaxEnt was used to estimate the potential geographic distribution of the species under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP). Miroc 5 summaries and two RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios were used as predictor variables for projections of the geographic potential of this species. The performance of the model was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC), true skill statistics (TSS) and partial receiver operating characteristics (Partial ROC). From the results, M. excelsa was more a secondary species in the Guinean climatic zone and part of the Sudanian-Guinean and Sudanian climatic zone. The projections show a significant decrease in suitable habitats for the species from the two RCP scenarios. Only a part of the Guinean climatic zone remained suitable and few protected areas will conserve in situ M. excelsa. For the sustainable conservation of M. excelsa, it is essential to strengthen the protection of sacred forests located in the Guinean climatic zone.
This research was conducted in teak plantations in Southern and Central Benin, in order to characterize the structure of their dendrometric parameters and diameter class distribution according to their age and soil type. On the basis of a systematic sampling system with a square mesh of 100 m x 100 m, plantations aged of 5, 10, 15, 25 and 35 on different types of soil were inventoried through 20 mx 15 m plots for stands of less than 15 years old, and 30 m x 30 m for 15 years and older stands. According to the main results, the average values of the densities range from 114 to 1107 trees / ha, the diameter from 6.03 to 39.12 cm. The average height was from 5.8 to 23.47 m while the dominant height ranged from 7.01 to 23.71 m; the basal area was from 3.23 to D. GNANGUENON-GUESSE et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(5): 2119-2132, 2017 2120 16.83 m 2 / ha and the spacing factor from 23.81 to 50.95 %. The best silvicultural performances were noticed on vertisol. We conclude that age and type of soil have effect on stands parameters and structures.
Assisted natural regeneration is a technique used to promote the development of the seminal potential of trees. Actually, it is a mode of reproduction adopted to renew and sustain the forests. This study was carried out in the plantations of the Lama reserve (between 6° 55 ' and 7° 00' north and between 2° 4'and 2° 12' east). It aims to propose an inexpensive assisted natural regeneration method adapted to teak stands installed on hydromorphic vertisols. Three assisted natural regeneration methods were tested on four soil
Les espèces exotiques envahissantes (IAS) peuvent avoir un impact négatif sur la régénération forestière. Cette étude a pour objectif d’évaluer les impacts de Chromolaena odorata sur la régénération arborée dans des forêts secondaires, ainsi que les moyens de les contrôler à bas prix. Les données ont été recueillies dans 77 parcelles rectangulaires de 0,5 ha dans des forêts secondaires du district de la Lama (Bénin, Afrique occidentale). Dans chaque parcelle, on a mesuré le dbh d’arbres et rejets (de dbh ≥ 10 cm) avec un ruban métrique, compté le nombre de rejets et mesuré la densité de recouvrement avec un densitomètre. La couverture de C. odorata, l’IAS ciblée, a été estimée dans une échelle de 0 (absence) à 100 % (couvert fermé). Les taillis et rejets ont été catégorisés dans trois groupes en fonction de leurs besoins de lumière (pionnier, non-pionnier léger besoin, et tolérant à l’ombre). C. odorata, densité de recouvrement, densité d’arbres, surface terrière, diamètre principal et recouvrement moyen ont été comptés et utilisés comme variables. Des coefficients de corrélation bilatérale entre les variables ont été calculés. Une analyse de régression, utilisant des modèles linéaires généralisés dans le logiciel R pour mettre en corrélation les variables du nombre de taillis/rejets par catégorie, a montré que C. odorata était en train d’éviter à la fois le développement des semis et des rejets de toutes les espèces, indépendamment de leurs catégories de besoin de lumière. Cependant, le couvert fermé avait une corrélation négative avec le couvert de l’herbe et peut être un moyen biologique de contrôler les IAS dans des forêts secondaires et dégradées.
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