The purpose of study: determine the rational parameters of an innovative working body that carries out a high-quality technological process of shallow soil cultivation. An innovative working body for shallow soil cultivation was developed on the basis of nature-like technologies that are currently relevant in scientific research. The ratio when using the golden ratio arises when comparing curvilinear and rectilinear, i.e. natural and artificial forms. The development of a new working body design is based on the physics of the interaction process with the processed environment, using analogies of shape and optimal proportions existing in nature. The working body design for shallow tillage with curved surfaces of increased streamlining using the configuration of natural sliding lines of the treated medium layer during cultivation has been developed. Depending on the required processing depth (6-16 cm), the innovative working body efficiently performs the cutting process with sliding, and also performs flat-cut loosening. Rational parameters and functioning modes of an innovative working body for shallow tillage have been obtained: length – 305 mm; working width – 450 mm; angle of crumbling, sharpening, posterior occipital cutting, mortar, rise – 15, 12, 10, 75-110, 10 degrees respectively; speed – 9-12 km/h.

Analytical studies concerning the issues of heap supply for harvester-thresher cleaning, composition of tailings and the amount of grain are presented in the paper. The urgent problem of increasing the separation of air-sieve cleaning of modern combines is outlined. The schematic structure of the combine thresher is presented. The calculation of the grain mass quantity which is received for cleaning from the threshing group, the straw rack and finish threshing device is conducted. The visual image of cleaning load depending on supply is shown. According to the calculations it is possible to predict the loading of cleaning with small grain heaps depending on the total supply of grain mass to the thresher for combines of various classes. The technical solution to improve the cleaning system of a combine harvester is suggested and economically evaluated in the paper.

The paper is dedicated to the innovative analytical research in the field of pneumatic separation concerning the issues of grain heap feed for harvester-thresher cleaning, composition of tailings and the amount of grain. The problem of improving the separation of air-sieve cleaning of modern combines is of great current interest. The cleaning design with the use of pneumatic and inertia separator of small grain heaps for high-producing harvester-thresher is developed. The engineering study is conducted for the installation of the 8-bladed rotor above the chaffer sieve for experimental cleaning taking into account dimensional limitations and minimal alteration of the current air-sieve cleaning. The results of the study show the opportunity of better operation of the design of small grain heap cleaning with the application of pneumatic and inertia separator. The developed solutions make it possible to reduce grain losses and increase the harvester-thresher productivity level, as a result of which it is expected to achieve the economic effect assessed in the study.

The quality of the pneumatic seeding mechanism operation is defined by a variety of factors, including aerodynamic characteristic quantities. But aerodynamics of seeding systems is poorly studied. Therefore studying of the air flow distribution in a seeding mechanism seed vessel is considered to be a current issue. Overpressure seeding mechanism with a seed vessel compulsory sealing is approved as the object of the studying. The aim of the studying is to define the impact of the sealing elements shape on the air flow distribution in a seed vessel by various seeding mechanism operating modes. The building-up of the air flow distribution model is carried out at the software environment Solidworks Flow Simulation with allowance for a seeding wheel rotation. The aerodynamic model building-up technique is given. The graphic charts of airflow velocity change in an upper part of the seed vessel are made. The designed overpressure seeding mechanism aerodynamic model is analyzed.

The research of the topical issue related to the improvement of air-sieve cleaning separation of the modern high-producing combine harvester is presented in the article. The calculation of economic efficiency of equipping combines with the suggested pneumatic and inertia separator is conducted in the paper. Research presented indicates the estimated efficient functioning of the cleaning design for small grain heap which helps to reduce grain losses and leads to the increase of combine harvester productivity.