The tissue reaction of pig skin to implantation of decellularized and recellularized dermal matrices on a formed wound defect was evaluated by histological methods on days 2, 5, 8, 16, and 20 after surgery. Differences in tissue response to different matrices were identified. In experimental wounds coated with decellularized dermal matrices, we observed the formation of a scar tissue, which required autodermoplasty on day 12 of the experiment. In wounds coated with recellularized dermal matrices, all layers of the skin completely recovered by day 20 after surgery with the formation of full dermal and epidermal layers. Our findings suggest that reparative morphological changes in the wound depend on the presence of fibroblasts in the implanted dermal matrix.

Despite a significant range of therapeutic measures employed to treat inflammatory diseases in the maxillofacial area, much of the effort falls short of effective suppression of the infection and proper regeneration as the outcome of the pathological process [1-6]. The development of optimal wound covering that would contribute to fast and complete recovery of the damaged structures appears an urgent issue in modern medicine. Scientific items, monographs and patents offer a wide range of materials used to create wound covering, with over 400 various types of sponges, films, combined collagen/gelatin/oxidized cellulose/starch-based implants, etc., described nowadays [7-10]. Of the well-known new-generation biodegradable synthetic and natural materials, a special place A B S T R A C T-A promising area in dentistry is the development of modern biotechnological wound dressings based on chitosan, which, depending on the molecular weight and three-dimensional structure, is able to change its physicomechanical properties from the state of a hydrogel to a dense frame structure with a different degree of swelling, and at the same time perform a depot function the drug introduced into it. Two new types of wound dressings based on chitosan with an immobilized 10% aqueous solution of iodopyrone were developed and their effectiveness was studied in an experiment on animals (rabbits) for dental practice. A comparative analysis was carried out with the well-known wound dressings Alvostaz, Gelatamp by introducing the studied samples into the well of the tooth after its extraction. The high efficiency of the proposed wound dressings based on chitosan was established.

Wound healing is a complex set of body responses to damaged tissues, which manifests itself through local destructive-inflammatory changes and general reactions. There are numerous coatings used currently in clinical practice to treat wounds. These coatings serve to develop a wet anti-bacterial environment, which is essential to facilitate the healing process. This work focuses on studying multifunctional coatings, which are based on chitosan, a biocompatible polymer featuring wound-healing properties. The distinctive feature to be found in chitosan fibers is their density and the orientation of pores. The coatings within this study were tested on scalped full-layer skin wounds of male Wistar-Kyoto rats and male rabbits. The sample with a dense structure and low biological resorption was found to be effective in performing the function of a framework, as well as in ensuring proper drainage at the affected area. This is important when treating purulent wounds. The experimental sample with a high degree of adhesion and a shorter biodegradation life can be recommended for treating wounds with no purulent-inflammatory issues, for granulating wounds, as well as a drug carrier-matrix. The studied wound coatings have revealed their medical efficiency at the preclinical stage (in vivo). Using wound coatings with specified structural and functional features would allow making a reasonable choice when selecting a coating depending on the stage of wound healing course.

In the present study, pins made from the novel Mg-2Zn-2Ga alloy were installed within the femoral bones of six Wistar rats. The level of bioresorption was assessed after 1, 3, and 6 months by radiography, histology, SEM, and EDX. Significant bioresorption was evident after 3 months, and complete dissolution of the pins occurred at 6 months after the installation. No pronounced gas cavities could be found at the pin installation sites throughout the postoperative period. The animals’ blood parameters showed no signs of inflammation or toxication. These findings are sufficiently encouraging to motivate further research to broaden the experimental coverage to increase the number of observed animals and to conduct tests involving other, larger animals.