Background. Occasional cases of acyclovir resistance have been documented in the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Thirty-eight subjects with acyclovir-resistant infections were identified in an epidemiological surveillance program involving 1811 HSV-infected subjects in France.Methods. Twenty-three index cases from whom acyclovir-resistant HSV strains had been isolated were compared with 46 control subjects matched for immunological status. Sociodemographic characteristics, features of the acyclovir-resistant HSV episode, history of HSV infection, treatment, outcome, and immunological history were recorded.Results. Twenty-two index case patients presented with immunodepression. Sixty-five percent reported clinically manifest recurrences, compared with 33% of matched control subjects. Significantly more index case patients had used antiviral drugs, and they had used them more often than had control subjects. However, 26.1% of index case patients reported no antiviral exposure in the previous 2 years. Two-thirds of the strains recovered from the index case patients were isolated because of suspicion of clinical resistance to acyclovir.Conclusions. Clinical treatment resistance is associated with acyclovir-resistant HSV strains, but acyclovirresistant strains were also isolated from treatment-naive subjects.

Gliptins, glitazones and sulfonylureas concomitantly act on basal and postprandial glucose even though gliptins are more efficient on postprandial glucose. HbA1c appears as a reliable factor for predicting the respective decrements of these two parameters and thus for guiding the choice between the aforementioned drugs.

Depressed ADCC activity was found in sarcoidosis patients in clinical Stage II when whole blood was used as the effector cell pool. Whole blood in Stage I patients as well as purified peripheral lymphocytes of sarcoidosis patients did not reveal a diminished cytotoxic activity. Stimulation experiments with PHA, Con A, and PPD in two different concentrations resulted in a normal PHA response, a significantly decreased Con A response (regardless of the clinical stage of the patients), and a significantly decreased PPD responsiveness of peripheral lymphocytes in Stage II patients, respectively. Regarding the distribution of peripheral B and T lymphocytes, only a significantly depressed T-cell number in Stage I sarcoidosis patients was observed. Peripheral cells forming EA and EAC rosettes and staining for membrane-bound immunoglobulins were within normal ranges. Serum antibody titers to different herpes viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus, were found not to be elevated. Twenty percent of sarcoidosis patients showed anti-immunoglobulins in their sera specific for the Fc and Fab fragment.

<p style="text-align: justify;">This publication describes a methodology which allows to find the temperature of saturation of wine in regard to calcium tartrate (TCa), or TSca, and the field of supersaturation of wine in regard to this salt (ΔTca). The values found allow to show that the wine can bear a degree of supersaturation high (8 - 12°C) (dTca = TSca - Tstocking) in regard to TCa without letting crystals appear, even during very long storage. The least solubility of the TCa in regard to potassium bitartrate (THK) allows to explain these differences between the two salts which have been studied. The field of supersaturation (ΔTca = TSca - TCsca) of 12,5 p. cent vol. rosé wine towards this salt has been quantified. It's in the region of 42 to 44°C, whereas a hydroalcoholic solution of the same alcoholometric range and of appreciably equivalent pH has a field of supersaturation in the order of 35°C. The share of the width of the field of supersaturation of wines owed to the « colloids » can be estimated to a quarter, indeed a third of the entire width of the field of supersaturation, the rest being owed to the natural characteristic/ability of the hydroalcoholic solutions to supersaturate towards this salt. A scale of stability in regard to the risks of appearance of crystals of TCa in the wine has been determined for short storage at - 2°C and long storage in a cellar thermoregulated at 10 - 12°C: TSca limit ≤ 26-27°C white and rosé wines, white VDN ; TSca limit ≤ 35°C red wines (1 to 2 years runback). In the case of wines not « entiched » in exogenous calcium (and/or TCa) and with « standard » initial contents (40 to 140 mg/l) the risks of appearance of TCa crystals after tartaric balancing in regard to THK are generally small.</p>

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