Large-scale integration of rooftop solar power generation is transforming traditionally passive power distribution systems into active ones. High penetration of such devices creates new dynamics for which the current power distribution systems are inadequate. The changing paradigm of power distribution system requires it to be operated as cyber-physical system. A goal-based holonic multiagent system (HMAS) is presented in this paper to achieve this objective. This paper provides details on design of the HMAS for operation of power distribution systems. Various operating modes and associated goals are discussed. Finally, the role of HMAS is demonstrated for two applications in distribution systems. The first one is associated with control of reactive power at solar photovoltaic installations at individual homes for optimal operation of the system. The second deals with the state estimation of the system leveraging different measurements available from smart meters at homes.Index Terms-Cyber-physical system (CPS), multiagent system (MAS), optimization, power distribution system, smart grid, solar power, state estimation.

Version control systems (VCS) are widely-used in the software industry. They provide a powerful, collaborative framework that allows software engineers to work together effectively. VCS allow users to track changes and merge ongoing work into concurrently evolving software projects. Distributed VCS such as Git, allow a great degree of flexibility, and provide powerful options for managing personal code and evolving collaborative content. Power incurs responsibility, and introducing collaborative coding and version control tools to new developers can create many challenges. Yet these tools, once mastered, are crucial skills for professional developers. In this paper, the authors introduce VCS to computer science students both in a custom environment specifically designed to support new developers and in a commercially-available native environment suitable for more experienced students. Results show that proper introduction of these powerful tools can make early exposure a positive and valued experience.

Version control systems (VCS), such as Subversion and Git, are pervasive in industry; they are invaluable tools for collaborative development that allow software engineers to track changes, monitor issues, merge work from multiple people, and manage releases. These tools are most effective when they are a part of a developer's habitual workflow. Unfortunately, the use of these powerful tools is often taught much later in a developer's educational career than other tools like programming languages or databases. Even an experienced student's first experience with version control can be unpleasant. In this paper, the authors analyze the workflow of two common Version Control Systems with different version controls (Subversion and Git) to build a common visual language for these systems (Version Control Visual Language, or VeCVL), and show that the same visual language applies to other version control systems.

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