In this study, twenty children diagnosed with ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria (DSM-IV) were randomly assigned to receive NFB training or MPH treatment. The participants were evaluated at the beginning of the study and four months later on measures of behavioral (CPRS/CPRT), executive functions (BRIEF, CPT), attention (TOVA), and electrical activity (qEEG, ERPs). Post-intervention results showed improvements in attention, hyperactivity, executive functioning and in continuous performance measurement (CPT).Improvements noted in the NFB group were greater than that of the MPH group. Results of this study suggest NFB training resulted in greater improvements in executive functioning, behavior, attention, and qEEG compared to MPH treatment. Results indicate that neurofeedback may treatcognitive and behavior functions before these functions worsen or decrease. This study suggests future research to compare the efficacy of each of these treatments in larger populations with a greater heterogeneity in gender is warranted.

Revista Mexicana de NeurocienciaArtículo oriGinAl resumen introducción: Uno de los propósitos en la investigación en el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) es identificar si existe relación entre el género y el diagnóstico de TDAH en niños. objetivos: Los objetivos fueron identificar si existe: 1) una relación entre en los subtipos en el diagnóstico del TDAH según el Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales versión IV (DSM-IV) y el género, y 2) una proporción del subtipo en el diagnóstico de TDAH según el género. Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo de 297 historias clínicas de niños con diagnóstico de TDAH de un Servicio de Pediatría en un hospital público. resultados: 1) en el diagnóstico según los tres subtipos del TDAH (DSM-IV) se obtiene una mayor proporción en TDAH de tipo inatento en niñas y una mayor proporción en TDAH de tipo combinado en niños, independientemente del número de niños según el género. Los resultados fueron estadísticamente significativos (test chi cuadrado 3 subtipos: p ≤ 0.001) y también lo fueron en los subtipos inatento y combinado del autor analizado; 2) en el género masculino es mayor el diagnóstico de TDAH (73.40%) con respecto al género femenino (26.60%); el resultado fue estadísticamente significativo, como también los obtenidos por el autor, que se correspondieron con el presente estudio. conclusiones: En el diagnóstico del TDAH y el género, se obtuvo una proporción de niños diagnosticados con TDAH significativamente mayor y con el subtipo combinado en comparación con las niñas y su subtipo inatento. La tasa elevada de niños con el subtipo combinado por sus características en la conducta probablemente represente un disparador para esta mayor proporción de niños con diagnóstico de TDAH con respecto al género femenino.

Background and objectives: Children and adolescents with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder demonstrate a developmental delay in emotional and social functions, sleep difficulties, enuresis, and/or paroxysms in electroencephalographic measurements.The purpose of the study is to know if there is an association between comorbidities and ADHD. The second objective was to compare the results with previous studies in different countries. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of a clinical database (CDB) was conducted identifying 1049 Spanish children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) in the Department of Pediatrics of the Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset. Results: In the 297 CDB aged 6 -16 years children included, the comorbidities were statistically significant. This medical conditions in Spanish children with ADHD coexist outside of Spain and are statistically significant in all aspects analyzed except in anxiety, Asperger's syndrome and enuresis. Conclusions: Our results support the association between comorbidities and ADHD. It is important for professionals to make sure that they identify different comorbidities during the diagnostic process as during the clinical follow-up. The article is recommended to teachers, therapists and health professionals, for adopting a proactive and intermodal team approach in the detection and treatment of comorbidities in children and youth.

Geometric lexicon is related to an equivalence criterion between figures —normally given by a transformation group (Klein)—. There can be a conflict between ordinary language, traditional geometric lexicon and the equivalence criterion that a given specific situation may suggest. In this paper we analyze the results of a set of questions aiming at discovering the equivalence criteria chosen by pupils between 9 and 11, and the influence of their lexicon. We have noted a considerable influence of the criteria based on the group of translations, and on the group of homoteties and translations. We have also observed the influence of «standard models» (i.e., figures appearing normally in their books), and some difficulties of conceptualization.