After the first two years of renal replacement therapy, transplantation demonstrates lower costs to the system when compared to other modalities evaluated. Based on that, this therapy justifies improvements in government policies in this sector.

PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of using simvastatin on the peritoneal fibrosis induced in rats using peritoneal dialysis solution with glucoses 4.25%. METHODS: Prospective controlled study in 20 non-uremic Wistar rats. The animals received a peritoneal infusion of 10 ml/100 g of peritoneal dialysis solution glucose 4.25% on a daily basis. The animals were divided in two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group received simvastatin 4 mg/kg/d, by a gastric tube. The control group did not receive any drug. The follow-up was 21 and 49 days. At the end, one surgical procedure was performed to get histological samples of visceral and parietal peritoneum. The samples were analyzed using Hematoxylin Eosin and Sirius Red, to evaluate the severity of the fibrosis. RESULTS: The analysis showed that the intensity of the fibrosis, the peritoneal thickness and the cell number in experimental and control groups were not statistically significant different in experimental and control groups. CONCLUSION: The simvastatin do not decrease the intensity of fibrosis on the peritoneal membrane that happens on rats on peritoneal dialysis.

PURPOSE:To analyze the viability of using SITRACC ® (single-portal access) to make partial or total nephrectomy in pigs and also to describe the technical difficulties found during these surgical procedures. METHODS: Ten pigs (Landrace specie) with 20kg in average were distributed in two groups: Group A -total right nephrectomyand Group B -partial left nephrectomy -. The anesthetic procedure was initially done with thiopental (10mg/kg) and maintained with halothane. The surgical procedures were performed inside the Surgical Technique Room from Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR). RESULTS: It was analyzed the surgery duration, time to insert SITRACC ® , the volemic loss and the size of the organ. In the first surgeries, the surgical time and blood volume loss were higher (between 15 to 43 minutes and 120 to 400 mL, respectively). The more the procedure was performed, the more the surgeons were used to the technique, so the bleeding and the time of surgery was significantly reduced to 15 minutes and 50 mL of blood loss, respectively. The difficulties found were associated with the nippers, however that was not relevant for the surgical technique. It was also found that the intra-body suture caused an expressive volemic loss. CONCLUSION: The total and partial nephrectomy through umbilical single-access by using SITRACC ® was feasible and safe in pigs. Key words: Nephrectomy. Laparoscopy. Swine. RESUMO OBJETIVO: Analisar a viabilidade do uso do SITRACC® (portal único) para realização de nefrectomia total e parcial em suínos e descrever as dificuldades técnicas encontradas durante os atos cirúrgicos propostos. MÉTODOS: Foram operados 10 porcos da espécie Landrace, com peso médio de 20 Kg, distribuidos em dois grupos: Grupo A: nefrectomia total à direita e Grupo B: nefrectomia parcial à esquerda. A indução anestésica foi realizada com a administração de tiopental (10mg/Kg) e mantida com halotano. Os procedimentos cirúrgicos foram realizados na sala de Técnica Operatória da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR). RESULTADOS: Foram analisados tempo total de cirurgia, tempo de colocação do SITRACC ® , perda volêmica e tamanho da peça. Nas primeiras cirurgias realizadas o tempo cirúrgico e o volume do sangramento foram maiores (entre 15 -43 minutos e entre 120 -400 ml, respectivamente); à medida que se adquiriu prática com a técnica, esses apresentaram reduções significativas para menos que 15 minutos e 50 ml, respectivamente. A dificuldade encontrada foi na articulação das pinças, porém, não afetou a técnica cirúrgica. Além disso, houve dificuldade na realização da sutura intracorpórea acarretando uma perda volêmica maior. CONCLUSÃO: A nefrectomia total e parcial por acesso umbilical único com uso do SITRACC ® é plenamente viável e segura em suínos.

PURPOSE:To analyze the viability of using Gelpoint ® (single-port access) to make partial and total nephrectomy in pigs and to describe the technical difficulties found during these surgical procedures. METHODS:Ten pigs (Landrace specie) with 20kg in average were distributed in two groups. Group A: total right nephrectomy and RESULTS:In Group A, time to single-port insertion varied from one to two minutes and total time of the procedures were 20.4±8.2 minutes. Bleeding was under than 20 mL in 70% of animals. Time of instrument excision was 20.7±12 seconds and time of hilum dissection was 3.9±2.2 minutes. In Group B, after total contralateral nephrectomy two surgical procedures were not concluded due to bleeding. In this group, time of surgery was 6.8±4.2 minutes. With the exception of the second surgery, the highest blood volume loss was 50 mL. The mean excision time was 22.3 ± 22.3 seconds. CONCLUSION:Total and partial nephrectomy through umbilical single-access using GelPoint ® was feasible and safe in pigs.