Indicadores químicos e físicos de qualidade do solo Chemical and physical indicators of soil quality
Utilidades do Mulungu (Erythrina velutina Willd.) Utilities of Mulungu (Erythrina velutina Willd.
The genetic parameters provide indispensable information about the genetic behavior of the study population regarding the characters evaluated, providing subsidy to the breeder on the decision about the best selection method to adopt in order to realize a genetic gain and maintain adequate variability. In this sense, the present study was carried out to verify the reaction and to estimate genetic parameters of a population of coriander composed of two cultivars (Verdão and HTV Dom Luiz) and 49 half-siblings progenies parasitized by Meloidogyne incognita race 1. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the Department of Agronomy of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. The 51 cultivars and progenies were arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates and each experimental plot was composed of eight plants. The sowing was carried out in a tray of 128 cell- expanded polystyrene filled with commercial substrate, 1,000 eggs/cell of the pathogen were inoculated on the same day of sowing. After 30 days of inoculation, the number of galls was quantified in the root system, the pathogen’s eggs were extracted and, after the quantification of the eggs, the reproduction factor was estimated for each genotype. Data of the three characteristics were compared by Scott-Knott clustering test, then classified as resistant or susceptible, and genetic parameters estimated. The genotypes differed from each other at 1% probability level for all the characters under study. Heritabilities were high and positive with values of 75.91 for number of galls in the root system and 96.72 for the number of eggs. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic correlations, it was possible to select desired genotypes based on the number of galls in the initial selection cycles, making selection and recombination possible in the same cycle. Twelve (12) progenies were selected for their resistance to the pathogen.
Pithecellobium diversifolium Benth. é um arbusto nativo com vasta ocorrência nos estados do Nordeste brasileiro. O crescente interesse na propagação e no cultivo de espécies florestais nativas demanda informações básicas sobre as características biométrica e germinativas das suas sementes para sua propagação. Com isso, o objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar as sementes e avaliar o processo germinativo de P. diversifolium submetidos a métodos de superação de dormência. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Produção Vegetal do Instituto Federal de Alagoas, localizado no município de Piranhas-AL, onde foram coletadas as sementes. Foi realizada a caracterização física das sementes, determinando-se o teor de água, o peso de 1.000 sementes, e o comprimento, largura e espessura das sementes. Foram utilizados cinco tratamentos para superação de dormência: (T1) intactas; (T2) escarificação mecânica com lixa d’água nº 80; (T3) fragmentação do tegumento; (T4) imersão em água a 90 °C por 1 min; e (T5) imersão em água por 24 horas. As avaliações do teste de germinação foram feitas diariamente, durante 26 dias. Os parâmetros avaliados foram primeira contagem de germinação; porcentagem de germinação; índice de velocidade de germinação; comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz principal; massa seca da parte aérea e raiz. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o Inteiramente Casualizado com quatro repetições de 50 sementes por tratamento. Dessa forma, as sementes possuem variabilidade em suas características biométricas avaliadas, e a escarificação mecânica com lixa d’água é o método recomendado para superar a dormência das sementes de P. diversifolium.
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