In this study, AISI 430 and HARDOX 450 grade steel are joined using a double-sided tungsten inert gas welding process. The microstructural properties of weld metal and HAZ were evaluated by optical microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron back scatter diffraction, elemental mapping, and X-ray diffraction analysis. As the results showed, an increase in welding current caused a large increase in the heat input to the welding pool, the penetration depth and the bead size. AISI 430 steel with Cr and Ni mixed with HARDOX 450 created new phases in the weld metal such as Cr7C3, Cr3Ni3, C23C6, matensite, Cr1.36 Fe0.52. The quantity and compound of martensite and carbides depended on the welding heat output and cooling degree.

In this study, HARDOX 450 and AISI 430 grades are combined using double-sided tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process. Microstructural properties of weld zone were evaluated with optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD), elemental mapping analysis. After tensile testing, fracture surface morphology was evaluated using SEM. The width and depth of the weld seam increased with the increase in current. Carbon and chrome diffusion gradients were formed on the HARDOX 450 steel side by FSS in welded joints. The crystallographic plane was dominated by blue and, concentrated in the direction of {101},

AISI 430 and HARDOX 450 grades were combined using tungsten inert gas double-sided welding process. Microstructural changes were evaluated with scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, electron back scatter diffraction, elemental mapping, X-ray diffraction analysis. Mechanical diffenrences of welded alloys were determined by tensile, notch impact and microhardness tests. Failure surfaces of tensile samples were examined by SEM. The maximum tensile strength was 513.59 MPa and the impact energy was 77 J at welding speed of 0.01 m min−1 at current of 475 A. The lowest hardness was determined in HAZ due to excessive grain size. Failure exhibited brittle fracture and cleavage planes.