The basic peptide fraction obtained after hydrolysis of the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus by the Myxobacferium enzyme has been separated into two major components, a pentapeptide and a hexapeptide. Various data indicate that the pentapeptide has the structure L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-(N'-glycyl)-1 In earlier synthetic work, the protected pentapeptids \\ ith the sequence L-Ala-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala was synthesized (Garg et al., 1962;Tesser and Nivard, 1964). At about the same time both the unprotected pentapeptide and the acetylmuramyl pentapeptide were synthesized (Lanzilotti et a/., 1964) and shown to be identical with the material derived from the uridine nucleotide, uridine diphosphate ncetyliiiuram~l pentapeptide. These materials differ from the compounds synthesized here and by Munoz et al. (1966) in lacking an amide on the a -COOH of glutamic acid and in carrying a second D-alanine residue a t the COOH terminus.

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pop might be expected to be less productive than Nal-Tel or Chapalote, and its increased prominence deserves an explanation. A plausible one is that, although the ears are small, the stalks may have been prolific, normally bearing more than one ear. The presentday race to which it bears some resemblance and to which it may be related is prolific, usually producing two or three ears per stalk.Minor categories include cobs and kernels which appear in later levels and which are recognized as belonging to several of the modern races of Mexico described by Wellhausen et al. (5). They occur much too infrequently to be of significance in the total picture of food production but they are important in showing that these modern Mexican races were already in existence in prehistoric times. The only previous evidence of this was the fact that casts of ears appear on Zapotec funerary urns. Other Parts of the Corn PlantIn all, 3597 specimens of parts of the corn plant, other than cobs, were found in the five caves. These specimens confirm the conclusions reached from the study of the cobs. There has been no change in the basic botanical characteristics of the corn plant during domestication. Then, as now, corn was a monoecious annual bearing its male and female spikelets separately, the former predominating in the terminal pop might be expected to be less productive than Nal-Tel or Chapalote, and its increased prominence deserves an explanation. A plausible one is that, although the ears are small, the stalks may have been prolific, normally bearing more than one ear. The presentday race to which it bears some resemblance and to which it may be related is prolific, usually producing two or three ears per stalk.Minor categories include cobs and kernels which appear in later levels and which are recognized as belonging to several of the modern races of Mexico described by Wellhausen et al. (5). They occur much too infrequently to be of significance in the total picture of food production but they are important in showing that these modern Mexican races were already in existence in prehistoric times. The only previous evidence of this was the fact that casts of ears appear on Zapotec funerary urns. Other

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