Purpose:The aim of this study was to compare the mandibular hard and soft tissue measurements of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients with non-cleft individuals.Materials and Methods:The study sample comprised of lateral cephalograms of 45 subjects. Sample included 15 non-cleft (NC), 15 unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and 15 bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) cases whose age were between 15 to 17. 1 angular 13 linear measurements were carried out using Arnett and Gunson soft tissue cephalometric analysis and 4 angular measurements were calculated with Steiner Analysis.Results:Mandibular incisor inclinations relative to the occlusal plane (Md1-Md OP) were significantly greater and mandibular incisor projections (Md1-TVL) were significantly retrusive in cleft subjects (p<0.05). Projection values pertaining to lower lip anterior (LLA-TVL), soft tissue B point (B’-TVL), and soft tissue pogonion (Pog’-TVL) were significantly deficient as well in cleft patients (p<0.05). Sagittal position of the maxilla (SNA) (p<0.001) and intermaxillary relation of the jaws (ANB) were significantly deficient in UCLP subjects (p<0.05) and BCLP individuals (p<0.01). LLA-TVL and B’-TVL correlated with SNB in cleft patients (p<0.05).Conclusion:Decreased lower lip and chin projection values suggest that mandibular region of cleft patients should be taken into account in forming the treatment plan to improve the esthetic outcome of orthodontic and plastic surgery interventions.

In this study, it has been investigated whether the energy and momentum can be localizable for five-dimensional homogeneous and anisotropic universes. In this connection, energy and momentum of five-dimensional Bianchi type-I, type-III and type-V spacetimes have been calculated in the framework of general relativity (GR) and teleparallel gravity (TG). Einstein, Bergmann-Thomson, Landau-Lifshitz, Papapetrou, Tolman and Møller energy-momentum complexes have been used to obtain 1250078-1 Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 2012.21. Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN on 11/01/14. For personal use only. M. U. Dogru et al.these related quantities of given the spacetimes in GR, while Einstein, BergmannThomson, Landau-Lifshitz and Møller prescriptions have been used to obtain these related quantities of the spacetimes in TG. It has been found that all of the energy and momentum distributions of five-dimensional Bianchi type-I spacetime are equal to zero in GR and TG. For five-dimensional Bianchi type-III and type-V spacetimes, Bergmann-Thomson, Einstein and Tolman energy and momentum components give the same results, however Møller, Landau-Lifshitz and Papapetrou energy-momentum distributions give different results in general relativity. Also, in TG, Bergmann-Thomson and Einstein energy and momentum components give the same results for the Bianchi type-III and type-V spacetimes, too. In this sense, it is seen that Einstein, BergmannThomson and Landau-Lifshitz energy and momentum descriptions of these spacetimes have been given same results in both theories, GR and TG.

In this paper, we devote to investigate the energy-momentum problem of higher dimensional black holes in the general theory of relativity. The energy and momentum complex of Møller has been used for the calculations. Also, total energy and total momentum of some special cases for higher dimensional black holes such as Schwarzschild-like black holes, Reissner-Nordström-like charged black holes, AdS-like black holes, topological black holes, BTZ-like and charged BTZ-like black holes were obtained. It is invented that the momentum of black holes vanishes everywhere while the energy of black holes are not equal to zero in higher dimension. Also the results agree with Yang and Radinschi or Vagenas results M. Ulu Dogru ( ) · N.

No abstract

No abstract