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Medicinal and aromatic plants have been known since ancient times due to their aromatic and therapeutic properties. These plants can be used as crude, or in some cases their essential oils or extracts with different solvents. Essential oils with different biological activities are widely used in food, medicinal and cosmetic industries. The essential oil of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash is one of the most prevalent essential oils. The plant is a perennial, dense, bunch-type grass with stiff stem and has a significantly deep and strong root system. It has many biological activities as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anticarconogenic, etc. activities. In this study, the antibacterial potential of essential oil obtained from vetiver grass grown in Giresun was investigated for the first time against for pathogen microorganisms (Enterobacter cloacae (ATCC 13047), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Proteus vulgaris (ATCC 13315). Considering antibacterial activity, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value for E. cloacae, E. faecalis, E. coli and P. vulgaris was 15.63, 31.25, 15.63 and 15.63 μg/ml, respectively. According to the results of this study, it is revealed that the essential oil of vetiver has significant antibacterial activity.

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This paper includes the results of the first study about the phenolic characteristics and antimicrobial analyses of Geranium ibericum subsp. jubatum species found in Turkey. In present work the phenolic contents of different parts of the G. ibericum (flower, root, leaf) were determined by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS. Following phenolic compounds were investigated: catechin, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-coumaric acid, rutin, naringenin, kaempferol. According to the results obtained, the root and flower parts of the plant are very rich in ellagic acid (3473.57 µg g-1 dry plant) and catechin (2228.76µg g-1 dry plant). Chlorogenic acid level (54.570 µg g-1 dry plant) is also high in the roots. The amount of protocatechuic acid (122.5 µg g-1 dry plant) and gallic acid (725.34 µg g-1 dry plant) is high in the leaves. In addition, the total extract of G. ibericum obtained from leaf, flower, and root were tested against six gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans. The G. ibericum extract was nearly as effective as commercial antibiotics at some concentrations for Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, and Bacillus cereus.

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