Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a deterioration of renal function, which results from diminished effective functioning of renal tissue. CKD is associated with dyslipidemia associating hypertriglyceridemia, elevated LDL cholesterol, an accumulation of apolipoprotein B (Apo B) containing lipoproteins, increased concentrations of lipoprotein(a) particles, and low HDL levels. Homocystein is considered as a risk or pathogenic factor in the progression of CKD which has been considered globally as a serious health issue. Aim & Objective: To estimate and compare the levels of serum homocysteine & lipid profile between chronic kidney disease patients and healthy individuals. Materials & Methods: The present case control study was conducted at Dhiraj General hospital, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India in which 100 age and sex matched subjects were enrolled, out of which 50 were cases of CKD patients and 50 were controls. Approximately 5 ml of fasting blood sample was drawn from the each person with aseptic precautions. Serum was separated which was used for the estimation of serum homocysteine, lipid profile, serum creatinine and blood urea.

Background: Blood is precious and there is no alternative for human blood. Proper utilization as well as rationale use of blood is necessary with minimal discarding of blood units and implementing various interventions that can be used to optimize blood and its components use by training and education. Aim: An analytical study of discarded units of whole blood and its components in a blood bank at a Tertiary care hospital in vadodara. Study designs and methods: Data on the number of discarded whole blood units and its components, reasons for discard, number of blood components processed as well as the number of collected blood units were obtained from blood bank records and registers. The data obtained was analyzed. Results: The total number of blood units collected from Jan 2016 to Dec 2018 was 13249 from which 36447 units of components were prepared. The total number of discarded whole blood units and its components was 5097.

Background: Too often especially in the developing world mindsets, customs and institutional biases prevent women from achieving menstrual health. Thus objective of the study is to assess the practices of menstrual hygiene among women in the reproductive age group working as class 4 workers in sumandeep vidyapeeth campus. Methods: It was a cross sectional study in which total 80 class 4 female workers from Sumandeep Vidyapeeth campus were taken as study population. Data was collected through pre-structured questionnaires. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used for the preparation of results. Results: Among 80 reproductive age group women, 71.25% women had a regular cycle. 62.5% women had abdominal pain during menstruation. 52.5% women were using sanitary napkins for menstruation. 42.5% women were not using sanitary napkins due to its high cost. Conclusion: This study was conducted to a certain menstrual hygiene among women in reproductive age group and to improve the knowledge and practices among them. The study revealed the menstrual hygiene was far from satisfactory among many women in study population. It becomes necessary to educate girls and young adults about the physiology of menstruation and hygiene management well before menarche.

Background:-ABO and Rhesus blood group system is considered as clinically significant blood group systems in transfusion practice . A feature of the ABO system is the regular occurrence of anti A and anti B in the absence of the corresponding red cell antigen. A Discrepancy exists when results of forward testing does not match with reverse testing. Blood donors and patients must be correctly ABO and Rh grouped because transfusing ABO incompatible blood transfusions which may lead even death of patient. Aims and ObjectivesTo assess the incidence and cause of blood grouping discrepancies in Blood Bank at Tertiary care teaching hospital during Jan 2019 to December 2019.Methods : Forward and reverse grouping were performed on blood samples from inpatients ,outpatients and donors during the study period. ABO discrepancies were studied with their clinical details to group their discrepancies and resolve them with suitable steps.Results: A total of 10,048 (patients and donors) who satisfied inclusion criteria were included and ABO typed among which there were 55 discrepancies were observed (15 donors and 35 patients). The problem in patients was due to expression of weak antigens. The problem in patients were due to clinical conditions, the most common being autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Conclusions:The ABO blood group discrepancy reported in present study is 0.49%. The study helped to determine the incidence and causes of discrepancy encountered in tertiary care hospital. Discrepant results should be recorded, and resolved by suitable measures and correct ABO & Rh Blood group should be released to avoid any mismatched transfusions.

Introduction: Pre-analytical errors is the major source of mistakes in laboratory diagnostics. It includes from order of test by physician to sample is ready for analysis. Preanalytical errors are upto 70 % of errors of total diagnostic process. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the pre-analytical errors during pre-analytical testing process; 2. To formulate the possible corrective measures to be taken to minimise such errors. Materials and Methods:  A prospective study was done for a period of 2 months from January 2022 to February 2022 in clinical biochemistry laboratory, central laboratory, Dhiraj general hospital, Piparia. All types of preanalytical errors were recorded. Total 15189 specimens were received during this period. Out of which 569 were sorted with pre analytical errors. Results: They were categorised as follows: Improper test request forms (n-91), Improper labelling (n-118), Insufficient sample (n-121), invalid samples (n-127), sample mix ups (n-18), Delay in sample transportation (n-32), Wrong timing for Collection (n-37), sample not received (SNR) (n-17), Sample from IV running area (n-08). Conclusion: The overall percentage of rejection found is 3.75 %. Hemolysis was the most common cause for sample rejection in clinical laboratory.