Abstrak Latar belakang: Mengkonsumsi pangan yang tidak aman dapat membahayakan kesehatan dan jiwa konsumen,  baik  bagi  anak-anak  maupun  orang  dewasa. Bahan –bahan kimia berbahaya seperti formalin dan boraks sebagai bahan tambahan makanan mulai marak terjadi dan sering ditemukan baik di jajanan maupun di bahan makanan. Menurut WHO, diperkirakan sebanyak 2 juta orang meninggal tiap tahunnya dan 1,5 juta diantaranya merupakan anak-anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat dan membandingkan kandungan boraks dan formalin dari beberapa hasil penelitian.   Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah tinjauan pustaka yang bertujuan untuk menyusun, mentabulasi serta membandingkan hasil penelitian, kemudian merangkum keseluruhan penelitian. Pencarian studi dilakukan melalui situs jurnal terakreditasi (google scholar) sebanyak 20 artikel.  Hasil: Hasil dari telaah full teks artikel sebanyak 20 artikel yang telah ditelaah kemudian ditentukan sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan 12 artikel. Dari 12 artikel yang ditelaah, didapatkan 5 artikel yang menyatakan bahwa jajanan mengandung boraks, 4 artikel yang mengandung formalin, dan 3 artikel tidak mengandung boraks dan formalin. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dikaji mulai dari karakteristik, faktor yang mempengaruhi, dampak kesehatan, dan kontaminasi dari kandungan boraks dan formalin perlu adanya peningkatan pemahaman mengenai cara memilih produk pangan yang aman dari formalin dan boraks.    Formalin and Borax Content in Snacks Food: Literature Study Abstract Background: Consuming unsafe food can endanger the health and lives of consumers, both for children and adults. Hazardous chemicals such as formalin and borax as food additives are becoming increasingly common and are often found both in snacks and in foodstuffs. According to WHO, it is estimated that 2 million people die each year and 1.5 million of them are children. The purpose of this study was to see and compare the borax and formalin content of several research results. Methods: This research method was a literature review that aims to compile, tabulate and compare research results, then summarize the entire research. The study search was carried out through an accredited journal site (google scholar) with as many as 20 articles. Result: The results of the full text review of the article were 20 articles that had been reviewed. Then, determined according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were obtained. Of the 12 articles studied, 5 articles were found which stated that snacks contained borax, 4 articles contained formalin, and 3 articles did not contain borax and formalin. Conclusion: Based on research that has been studied starting from the characteristics, influencing factors, health impacts, and contamination from the content of borax and formalin, it is necessary to have an understanding of how to choose food products that are safe from formalin and borax.

Many problems faced by Indonesian migrant workers and a comprehensive protection are the reason for the government to ratify Law No. 18 year 2017, The Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. The regulation provides protection by not only the central government, local government but also village government. It is expected to provide protection in pre-departure stage, during or after placement. The existence of village of migrant workers which has protection for migrant workers by: doing procedural administration, strengthening migrant workers' rights, empowering migrant workers. The strengthening of the rights of migrant workers is done by conducting socialization, training of case and studying the regulations of the destination country. By strengthening the rights of migrant workers, it is expected that migrant workers understand their rights, know what they are doing when they are experiencing problems and understand the rules. It is expected that with a pre-procedural placement process and readiness to understand the rights of migrant workers, it can prevent the occurrence of cases while working in the destination country.

The problem which was appointed in this research; first, is there any trafficking of women in cases happened in the process of migrant workers delivery in Kabupaten Bangkalan and Sampang? Second, can the valid regulations be used to conduct the protection for migrant workers in the process of migrant workers delivery from the trafficking of women as well as the appropriate legal protection in order to prevent the trafficking of women practice? The method used in this research was juridical empiric, while the data collecting method was; observation, structured interview, and deep interview. The data analyzing method was performed by content analysis, with the use of formal interpretation method, analogy, and extensive. The result showed that in the process of the migrant workers delivery, there were elements of human trafficking, such as; over-limited actions, violence or threats of violence, fraud, debt bondage, violence with abuse of power, and forced labor or the condition similar with slavery. The regulation of migrant workers delivery has not entirely arranged the related protection on trafficking action.

Rapid population growth in Indonesia impacts increasing the amount of waste or household waste. Based on data from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry that in 2020, the total national waste production will reach 67.8 million tons/year. In 2021, Bogor City will produce 673.76 tons of waste/day. One of the efforts that can be made to encourage community participation in waste reduction and management is through the Waste Bank program. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the ASYIK 19 Waste Bank based on interviews, document reviews, and field observations. This study used a qualitative approach carried out on November 14th, 2021, at the ASYIK 19 Waste Bank. The appointment of informants used a purposive sampling technique. The study results found that there are still aspects in buildings and waste bank management systems that have not complied with Minister of Environment Regulation No. 13 of 2012. Waste saved to the ASYIK 19 Waste Bank is grouped into five categories based on the type of waste. The working mechanism of the ASYIK 19 Waste Bank consists of registration, waste saving, weighing, recording, selling waste to collectors, and withdrawing savings funds from customers. The highest amount of waste saved occurred in August of Rp. 1,782,150. In addition, sales of waste to collectors in October increased by Rp. 2,121,677. The ASYIK 19 Waste Bank has helped the community around Bojonggede in economic income and proper and correct waste management. However, several aspects of the operation of the ASYIK 19 Waste Bank have not met the applicable waste bank requirements.

<p><strong>Abstrak:</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika berupa Silabus, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) dan Lembar Aktivitas Siswa (LAS) model <em>discovery learning </em>pada materi segiempat dan segitiga untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan representasi matematis siswa SMP/MTs yang valid dan memenuhi syarat praktikalitas. Model penelitian pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model 4-D yang terdiri dari tahap <em>define </em>(pendefenisian), <em>design </em>(perancangan), <em>develop </em>(pengembangan), dan <em>disseminate </em>(penyebaran). Uji coba terbatas dilakukan di SMP Negeri 5 Tapung Hilir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil validasi perangkat pembelajaran memiliki skor ≥ 2,5 dengan kategori valid, dan hasil praktikalitas memiliki persentasi skor 87%. Sehingga perangkat pembelajaran <em>discovery learning </em>pada materi segiempat dan segitiga untuk memfasilitasi kemampuan representasi matematis siswa kelas VII SMP/MTs telah valid dan memenuhi syarat praktikalitas.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong>:</p><p>Penelitian Pengembangan, Perangkat Pembelajaran, <em>Discovery Learning</em>, Model Pengembangan 4-D, Kemampuan Representasi matematis</p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong></p><p><em>This research aims to produce the mathematics learning instruments which includes syllabus, learning implementation plans (RPP) and student activity sheets (LAS) model discovery learning on the material of quadrilateral and triangles to facilitate SMP/MTs students the mathematical representation abilities of that are valid and qualified of the practicality.  The development research model used is the 4-D which consists the stages of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The limited trial was conducted at SMP Negeri 5 Tapung Hilir.</em> <em>The results showed that the result of learning instruments validation of had a score of ≥ 2.5 in the valid category, and the results of practicality had a percentage score of 87%.</em><em> So that the instruments discovery learning on the material of quadrilateral and triangles to facilitate SMP/MTs of seventh grade students</em> <em>the mathematical representation abilities that are valid and qualified of the practicality.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong></p><p><em>Development Research, Learning Instruments, Discovery Learning, 4-D Development Models, Mathematical Representation Ability</em></p>