Background: Tamarindus indica L is widely used as a traditional medicine. In Indonesia T. indica L is commonly used to treat gastritis, rheumatism, constipation, and fever. Aims and Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the hypolipidemic effect of 70% ethanolic extract of T. indica L fruit flesh and rind and their chemical compounds. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 Wistar male rats were divided into 8 groups. group I was negative control (aquabidest); group II was positive control (Simvastatin 0.72 mg/gbw); groups III, IV, and V were treated by 70% ethanolic extract of the flesh fruit with doses of 200, 100, and 50 mg/kgbw, respectively; groups VI, VII, and VIII were treated by 70% ethanolic extract of the rind fruit with doses of 200, 100, and 50 mg/kgbw, respectively. The extract was given for 7 days after the third day. Measurement of plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride were carried out on days 0, 3, and 10. Result: The results show that the 70% ethanolic extract of T. indica L fruit rind and flesh with doses of 200, 100, and 50 mg/kgbw can reduce plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride significantly (P o 0.01). Chemical content of 70% ethanolic extract of T. indica L fruit rind and flesh by thin-layer chromatography examination are alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic. Conclusion: The 70% ethanolic extract of T. indica L fruit flesh and rind exert effect for lowering total cholesterol and triglyceride on hyperlipidemia induced by Triton X-100 in Wistar rats.