Abstract:

Introduction: Uterine Artery Embolisation (UAE) is now extensively recognised as a treatment for uterine fibroids, uterine artery pseudoaneurysms, and Uterine Arterio-Venous Malformations. The occurrence of collateral circulation from the ovarian artery to the uterine artery is one of the reasons for the failure of the process. The occurrence of ovarian failure and premature menopause after the UAE is high in patients with Utero-ovarian Artery (UOA) anastomosis. Aim: To classify UOA as per Razavi MK et al., angiographic classification and to determine the presence of such anastomosis in UAE procedure failure cases. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done for a period of two years from November 2017 to October 2019. UAE was performed with Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) microparticles (300 to 500 µm in size) followed by capping with a gelatin sponge in all 25 cases and coils were used in three cases. The presence or absence of UOA and four different types as per Razavi MK et al., angiographic classification were noted. Results: Among 25 cases who underwent UAE, 14 had UOA. The majority (six cases) were type Ib, five cases were type Ia, two cases were type II and one case was type III. The bilateral anastomosis was noted in one case with type Ia and Ib on either side. Eight cases with UOA had successful embolisation. The UAE was successful in 16 cases, and failed in nine cases. Among various causes for failure, six out of nine were due to UOA. Among six failure cases of UOA, two cases were Type Ia, two cases were Type Ib, one case was Type II and one case was Type III anastomosis. Conclusion: UOA is one of the major risk factors in the procedural failures of the UAE. Identification avoids non target ovarian embolisation.

Introduction: Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index (PCI) is used to assess the extent of peritoneal cancer by dividing the peritoneal cavity into 13 well-defined regions and assessing the size of the largest tumour nodule in each region. Aim: To evaluate the imaging features of peritoneal carcinomatosis using Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and correlate it with diagnostic laparotomy. Also to To determine the prognostic significance of peritoneal carcinomatosis index calculated radiologically in predicting the outcome of advanced ovarian malignancies. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from July 2019 to December 2020. Total of 50 females between 18-80 years of age with advanced ovarian malignancies with peritoneal deposits underwent CT and MRI to calculate initial PCI. Then these patients underwent cytoreductive debulking after which final response was assessed. Followedup for a period of 1 year to assess the treatment response and to look for any complications. IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis was carried out using mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables. Results: Fifty women were included with a mean age of 53.4 years. PCI calculated using CT and MRI showed strong correlation with laparoscopic PCI with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.984 and 0.988 respectively with a statistically significant p-value <0.001. Initial radiological PCI and cytoreduction showed strong correlation when analysed using ROC curve (Receiver Operating Characteristic curve) with an AUC (Area under the ROC Curve) of 0.933. With Youden index a cut-off value of 11 was derived under which patients had optimal cytoreduction and a better outcome. Radiological PCI showed good sensitivity (82.35%) and specificity (88.78) for predicting complications and it was found that patients with PCI >15 were at a higher risk for developing various complications. Conclusion: Radiological PCI strongly correlate with laparoscopic PCI and is a very strong predictor of disease outcome in advanced ovarian malignancies. It was found that patients with high PCI values had poor response to cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. So, high initial PCI values above 11 was indicative of poor patient prognosis.