Objective The family is a particular vehicle for everyone's life and development. To better understand the impact of family interactions on an individual's health risk, this study examined family interaction between family relationships, psychological capital, and health risk, providing suggestions for people's health promotion. Methods A total of 17543 participants were included in this study, the data obtained came from the China Family Panel Studies' sixth wave (2019 ~ 2020), and the collected data were analyzed using path analysis to test the influence mechanism of family interactions on an individual's health risk. Result Family Interaction is significantly negatively correlated with health risk; it indicates that family interaction is a protective factor that influences people's mental and physical health. Family relationships and psychological capital are chain mediators between family interaction and health risk. Conclusions Findings highlight the importance of considering family interactions as an entry point for future health promotion for people; our data suggest that policymakers should encourage individuals to maintain health outcomes through positive family interactions.