| G5 and G8 are two sorghum mutant lines projected as special sorghum varieties for forage in Indonesia. The objective of this research was to investigate the nutrient profile and in vitro gas production characteristics from two sorghum mutant lines as forage for ruminants. The two mutant lines were compared with Numbu and Pahat variety. Nutients and in vitro digestibility studies were also investigated at different generative phase. This research was arranged into a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was the variety/mutant lines of sorghum. The second factor was the generative phase (flowering, soft dough and hard dough). Variables measured were nutrients profile, in vitro gas production and rumen fermentation products. Results showed that G5 at hard dough phase produced the highest stem sugar content (P<0.01). The highest potential in vitro gas production (a+b) was found at G5 mutant lines at hard dough stage (P<0.01). Pahat and G5 at hard dough phase had the highest in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) with 54.48 and 54.61% repectively. The highest total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) was found at G5 and G8 mutant lines at hard dough stage (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the best CO 2 :CH 4 ratio was produced by Pahat, G5 and G8 (P<0.01). Based on those findings, it can be concluded that G5 mutant lines had higher quality of nutrients profile, potential in vitro gas production and IVTD. Increasing generative phase also could increase in vitro digestibility for all varieties/ mutant lines.

The objective of this research was to investigate the influences of generative stage on crude protein, crude fiber, ash, and crude fat contents as well as in-vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibilities of M-10 BMR sorghum mutant lines. This research was arranged into a randomized block design with 2 factors. The first factor was M-10 BMR sorghum mutant lines (

G5 and G8 are two sorghum mutant lines projected as sorghum varieties for ruminant’s feed. However, most of the sorghum panicles contains phenolic compounds, especially in the form of condensed tannins. The objective of this research was to investigate the phenolic and tannin compounds from the panicles of two sorghum mutant lines. The second objective was to identify tannin content by Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy in the sorghum panicles. The two mutant lines were compared with Pahat variety. This research was arranged into a randomized complete block design with two factors. The first factor was the sorghum variety/mutant lines, whereas the second factor was the generative phase of harvesting time (flowering, soft dough and hard dough). The results showed that the panicles of G5 sorghum contained the lowest total phenol compounds (P<0.01). The average mean of G5 and G8 mutant lines produced lower total tannin content (27.3 and 18.2%, respectively) than Pahat variety (P<0.01). Generally, total phenol and total tannin in all variety/mutant lines increased with the increasing maturity stage (P<0.01). All the spectra of the sorghum panicle samples in different harvesting age investigated shared certain special similarities. A band due to alkane medium (C-H) stretch was observed at 2937-2854 cm−1. At 1521-1514 and 1446-1408 cm−1, a band due to the C-C aromatic compounds was observed. Based on those findings, it can be concluded that G5 and G8 mutant lines produced less total phenol and total tannin contents than Pahat variety. Meanwhile, FTIR could be used to describe the profile of tannin compounds qualitatively.

Palupi R, Abdullah L, Astuti DA, Sumiati. 2014.. Potential and utilization of Indigofera sp. shoot leaf meal as soybean meal substitution in laying hen diets. JITV 19(3):210-219. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v19i3.1084The objective of this study was to determine the potential of Indigofera sp. shoot leaf meal to substitute soybean meal in poultry diet. One hundred and sixty laying hens of Isa Brown strain, at 30 weeks old were used in this study and kept in individual cages. A Randomized Completely Design was applied with four treatments and four replications. The treatments were four levels of soybean meal protein substitution by Indigofera sp shoot meal protein in the diets: The level were 0% (R0), 15% (R1), 30% (R2) and 45% (R3). Eggs were collected daily and were evaluated on: weight, shell, albumen, yolk, intensity of yolk and haugh unit. Results showed that the nutrients content of Indigofera sp shoot leaf meal were crude protein 28.98%, crude fat 3.30%, crude fiber 8.49%, calcium 0.52% and phosphorus content was 0.34%. Indigofera sp shoot leaf meal contained a complete amino acids. The vitamin A and ß-carotene were high, i.e 3828.79 IU/100g and 507.6 mg/kg, respectively. It is concluded that Indigofera sp shoot leaf meal is potential to be used as an alternative source of protein. Substitute 45% soybean meal protein with Indigofera sp shoot leaf meal in laying hen diets increase egg quality and increase intensity of yolk colour to 55.88%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi nutrien yang dimiliki tepung pucuk Indigofera sp. (TPI) dan memanfaatkannya sebagai bahan pakan substitusi protein bungkil kedelai dalam ransum ayam petelur. Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam petelur strain ISA Brown umur 30 minggu sebanyak 160 ekor yang ditempatkan pada kandang individu. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, terdiri dari 4 pelakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini merupakan substitusi protein bungkil kedelai dengan protein TPI R0 = ransum kontrol, R1= substitusi 15% protein bungkil kedelai dengan TPI, R2 = substitusi 30% protein bungkil kedelai dengan TPI substitusi 45% protein bungkil kedelai dengan TPI. Telur dikumpulkan setiap hari untuk mendapatkan data berat telur, berat kerabang, berat putih telur, berat kuning telur, warna kuning telur dan haugh unit. Hasil evaluasi kandungan nutrien TPI adalah protein kasar 28,98%, lemak kasar 3,30 %, serat kasar 8,49%, kalsium 0,52% dan kandungan phospor 0,34%. TPI mengandung asam amino yang lengkap dan memiliki vitamin A serta ß-karoten yang tinggi, yaitu berturut-turut 3828,79 IU/100g dan 507,6 mg/kg. TPI berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pakan sumber protein. Substitusi 45% protein bungkil kedelai dengan protein TPI dapat meningkatkan kualitas telur dan meningkatkan intensitas warna kuning telur yang mencapai 55,88%.Kata Kunci: Bungkil Kedelai, Kualitas Telur, Nutrien, Tepung Pucuk Indigofera sp. PENDAHULUANTingkat kemakmuran suatu negara ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain: jumlah penduduk yang miskin,...

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of lerak extract on the dynamic of rumen microbes in the in vitro fermentation of diet with different ratios of forage and concentrate. In vitro fermentation was conducted according to the method of Tilley and Terry (1963). The design of experiment was a factorial block design with 2 factors. The first factor was the ratio of forage and concentrate (90:10, 80:20, and 70:30 w/w) and the second factor was the level of lerak extract (0, 0.6, and 0.8 mg/ml). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, proportional VFA and NH 3 concentration were measured at 4 h incubation. Protozoal numbers in the buffered rumen fluid after 4 and 24 h of incubation were counted under a microscope. Bacterial DNAs of buffered rumen fluid were isolated from incubated samples after 24 h of incubation using a QiaAmp kit. Total bacteria, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, and Prevotella ruminicola were quantified using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Lerak extract markedly reduced protozoal numbers in buffered rumen fluid of all diets after 24 h of incubation. Total bacteria did not change with lerak extract addition. While no difference in F. succinogenes was found, there was a slight increase in R. albus number and a significant enhancement in P. ruminicola number by increasing the level of lerak extract in all diets. Propionate concentration significantly increased in the presence of lerak extract at level 0.8 mg/ml. It was concluded that the addition of lerak extract could modify rumen fermentation and had positive effects on rumen microbes.