THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY INCOME ON FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN PREVALENCE AND CAUSES OF CHRONIC ENERGY DEFICIENCY AMONG SECOND‐TRIMESTER PREGNANCY. Background: The three main factors of life index are education, health and economy. These factors are closely related to the nutritional status of the community which can be described mainly in the nutritional status of children under five years and pregnant women.Purpose: To know the influence of family income on food consumption patterns in prevalence and causes of chronic energy deficiency among second‐trimester pregnancy. Methods: Analytical research design. The independent variables are diet and family income while the dependent variable is the incidence of chronic energy deficiency. The population of all pregnant women at Grogol Health Center is 50 pregnant women. The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling, the number of samples was 40 respondents. The study was conducted on 30 July-05 August 2018 at the Grogol Kediri Public Health Center in 2018. Data collection instruments used questionnaires, interviews and medlines. Data analysis uses the Spearman Rank test.Results: Statistical tests using Spearman Rank (Rho) correlation, the results of the relationship between eating patterns and the incidence of chronic energy deficiency obtained p value = 0.001 with α <0.05 and c = 0.551 so that the strength of the relationship was moderate, and the results of family income with chronic energy deficiency were obtained p value = 0.002 with α <0.05 and c = 0.465 so that the strength of the relationship is moderate, means there is a relationship between diet and family income with the incidence of chronic energy deficiency in Grogol Kediri Health Center.Conclusion: An unbalanced diet causes an imbalance of nutrients that enter the body and can cause malnutrition. Low income causes people to be unable to buy food in the required amount. So that the high and low income influence the purchasing power of the family towards everyday.Keywords: Family income, food consumption patterns, chronic energy deficiency, second‐trimester pregnancy.  Pendahuluan: Tiga faktor utama indeks hidup yaitu pendidikan,kesehatan dan ekonomi. Faktor-faktor tersebut erat kaitannya dengan status gizi masyarakat yang dapat digambarkan terutama pada status gizi anak balita dan wanita hamilTujuan: Mengetahui ada hubungan antar pola makan dan pendapatan keluarga dengan kekurangan energi kronik pada ibu hamil trimester II.Metode: Desain penelitian analitik.Variabel bebasnya adalah pola makan dan pendapatan keluarga sedangkan variabel terikatnya kejadian kekurangan energi kronik. Populasi semua ibu hamil di Puskesmas Grogol sejumlah 50 ibu hamil. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah stratified random sampling, jumlah sampelnya 40 responden. Penelitian dilakukan tanggal 30 Juli-05 Agustus 2018 di Puskesmas Grogol Kediri Tahun 2018.Instrumen pengambilan data menggunakan lembar kuisioner, wawancara dan medline. Analisa data menggunakan uji Spearman Rank.Hasil: Dari hasi uji statistik menggunakan korelasi spearman Rank (Ro),didapatkan hasil hubungan pola makan dengan kejadian kekurangan energi kronik diperoleh p value = 0,001 dengan α < 0.05  dan  c = 0,551 sehingga kekuatan hubungannya sedang, dan hasil pendapatan keluarga dengan kejadian kekurangan energi kronik diperoleh p value = 0,002 dengan α < 0,05 dan c = 0,465 sehingga kekuatan hubungannya sedang, artinya terdapat hubungan antara pola makan dan pendapatan keluarga dengan kejadian kekurangan energi kronik di Puskesmas Grogol Kediri.Simpulan: Pola makan tidak seimbang menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan zat gizi yang masuk kedalam tubuh dan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kekurangan gizi. Rendahnya pendapatan menyebabkan orang tidak mampu membeli pangan dalam jumlah yang diperlukan. Sehingga tinggi rendahnya pendapatan mempengaruhi daya beli keluarga terhadap bahan pangan sehari-hari.

One of the important foundations in toddlerhood is good and healthy nutritional status. However, there were still many problems with nutritional status at that time, one of which was stunting in toddlers. This condition occurs due to parents' lack of awareness and knowledge regarding the pattern of fulfilling nutrition, especially in toddlers. The lack of awareness and knowledge of mothers about bad parenting practices, the variety of ingredients and the variety of types of food provided to fulfill nutrition in toddlers, and the limited health services, will lead to disruption of the process of growth and development of toddlers, especially brain development. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase parents' role in preventing and treating stunting through increasing parental awareness and knowledge. Community service activities are carried out by educating mothers about efforts to prevent and treat stunting in toddlers. The population of under five is 55 children, with a sample of 17 mothers under five. The results of this community service activity show increased knowledge and awareness of mothers under five about preventing and treating stunting in toddlers, with pretest results of 70.4% and posttest (96%). The results of this community service activity are expected to be reference materials for subsequent community service activities.

The nutritional status and health of the mother during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and during breastfeeding was very critical periods for children's growth and development. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between anemia during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting. The method used in this research was observational correlational analytic, which looking for the relationship between two independent and dependent variables used a cohort-retrospective approach, with the independent variable anemia during pregnancy and the dependent variable the incidence of stunting. The research was conducted from 2 July – 29 August  2020 in Gayam  Village, Kediri Distric used MCH book instrument. Total population was 512 toddlers with judgement sampling technique as many as 88 toddlers consisted of 38 stunting and 50 non-stunting toddlers. Analysis used the Spearman Rho with the results of the Spearman value showed that total of 66 toddlers, 4 (6.1%) of stunting toddlers were found with no history of anemia, 13 (19.7%) of stunting toddlers with a history of mild anemia and 5 (7.6%) of stunting toddlers with a history of moderate anemia. Spearman rho test results p value = 0.000. This mean that the p value <α = 0.05, because the p-value <α, H1 accepted, that there was a relationship between a history of anemia during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting on toddlers. Anemia during pregnancy was very risky for the development of fetus and the development of baby that will beb born can caused stunting.

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in 2012 was 359 per 100,000 live births. In 2015, based on 2015 SUPAS data, both MMR and IMR showed a decrease (MMR 305 / 100,000 KH; IMR 22.23 / 1000 KH). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of cadre assistance on antenatal care (ANC) visits of high-risk pregnant women in Jelakombo Jombang.This type of research is correlational with the Cross Sectional approach. Population 63 high risk pregnant women, sample 54 high risk pregnant women. The study was conducted from 03 to 17 July 2019. The independent variable was the implementation of cadre mentoring and the dependent variable was the ANC visit. The side technique used is simple random sampling. Data obtained from ANC questionnaire and MCH Book Checklist. Data analysis using the Mann Whitney test.The results of the implementation of cadre mentoring were quite good as many as 32 respondents (59.3%). ANC visits were mostly active in visiting ANC, namely 40 respondents (74.1%). Implementation of pregnant women by good cadres 32 respondents, most respondents 32 high risk mothers (93.8%) actively visited ANC. Statistical test results using the Mann-Whitney U test obtained r = 0,000 (r<0.05) so that Ho was rejected means that it was concluded there was a correlation between the Implementation of Cadre Assistance with ANC Visit of Risti Pregnant Women at Jelakombo Health Center in Jombang Regency.

One of the breakthrough efforts that can reduce the maternal mortality rate as is Maternity Planning and Complication Prevention is expected to motivate the behavior of pregnant women in an effort to accelerate the reduction of maternal mortality. The high maternal mortality rate in Pringsewu regency is caused by a lack of screening for pregnant woman because it is suspected that there are still many high – risk pregnant woman who have not been found or have not come to health facilities. The aim of the research is knowledge of factors associated with behavior of pregnant women in childbirth planning and complication prevention programs. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. The data was collected by questionnaire tool. The population in this study were pregnant women who had an antenatal care in January 2021 at 3 public health centers that representing Pringsewu Regency, namely the community health center which had the highest moderate, and lowest coverage of Pregnancy visits 1 and 4 visits as many as 122 pregnant women. While the sample in this study was 96 pregnant women. Before the data collection, a questionnaire was tested on 30 respondents. The data analysis in this study is univariate test, bivariate test, and multivariate test. Based on the results of the study, it is known that some of pregnant women in Pringsewu regency have good behaviour, namely 62,5%. The results showed that there were 5 variables that had a significant relationship with the behavior of pragnant women in complication preventif program including knowledge (p value 0,030),attitudes (p value 0,000), availability of infrastructure (p value 0,033), distance to health facilities (p value 0,030) and husband’s support (p value 0,017). The most dominant variable related to the behaviour of pregnant women in complication prevention program is attitude where has the highest OR value of 5,881. In order to inprove the behavior of the community,especially pregnant women in complication prevention program, the Departement of Health needs to empower the community such as implementing the standby village, so that the community is able to independently fulfill the health facilities or infrastructure that are not yet available, namely village ambulances and village blood banks to support the implementation of complication prevention program so as to reduce maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR).