The effect of ultrasound on the permeability of blood vessels to nanoemulsion droplets was investigated using excised mouse carotid arteries as model blood vessels. Perfluorocarbon nanodroplets were formed by perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether (PFCE) and stabilized by poly(ethylene oxide)-co-poly(D,L-lactide) (PEG-PDLA) block copolymer shells. Nanodroplet fluorescence was imparted by interaction with FITC-dextran (molecular weight of 70,000 Da). The permeability of carotid arteries to nanodroplets was studied in the presence or absence of continuous wave (CW) or pulsed therapeutic 1-MHz ultrasound. The data showed that the application of ultrasound resulted in permeabilization of the vascular wall to nanodroplets. The effect of CW ultrasound was substantially stronger than that of pulsed ultrasound of the same total energy. No effect of blood vessel pre-treatment with ultrasound was observed.

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Prevalence of Low Back Pain was found to be high among the general population sampled and also myths regarding LBP still exist among them.

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