No abstract

The skin is a complex biological tissue whose impedance varies with frequency. The properties and structure of skin changes with the location on the body, age, geographical location and other factors. Considering these factors, skin impedance analysis is a sophisticated data analysis. However, despite all these variations, various researchers have always worked to develop an equivalent electrical model of the skin. The two most important categories of electrical models are RC-based model and CPE-based model which focus on the physiological stratification and biological properties of skin, respectively. In this work, experimental skin impedance data is acquired from ten sites on the body to find the fitting model. It is observed that a hybrid of fractional-order CPE-based model and higher-order RC layered-based model can provide the best fitting electrical model of skin. A new model is developed with this hybrid orders. Genetic algorithm is used for the extraction of parameter components. Least error of fitting has been observed for the proposed model as compared with the other models. This model can be used in correlating many skin problems and in the development of diagnostic tools. It will offer an additional supportive tool in-vitro to the medical specialist.

MEMS based wireless sensor network (WSN) for real-time human health monitoring is promising in home-based rehabilitation. It requires effective integration of a number of MEMS sensors and their placement on the human body to create a wireless body area network for continuous and timely monitoring of various biophysical parameters. This study attempts to develop an XBee-based WSN for real-time monitoring of human gait. Traditionally, the optical motion systems were used for gait analysis but they suffer from certain limitations such as the development of the complex algorithm and constrains in the work space. In comparison to the optical system, the attractive benefits of MEMS-based sensor systems are small size and low cost. Magnetic field angular rate and gravity sensor system can perform a complete analysis of the human gait. The sensor modules were developed using the inertial sensors mainly accelerometer and gyro sensor. LabVIEW software is used for data acquisition from the body sensor nodes and gait analysis. Biometrics Lab System is used as the standard system for calibration of data obtained from sensors. The joint angle range of motion was calculated using both the systems. The advantage of the proposed system is that it facilitates wireless transmission of gait parameters (joint angle measurement) for easy monitoring of human gait in various rehabilitation programmes.

Rainfall data of the northeast region of India has been considered for selecting best fit model for rainfall frequency analysis. The methods of L-moment has been employed for estimation of parameters five probability distributions, namely Generalized extreme value (GEV), Generalized Logistic(GLO), Pearson type 3 (PE3), 3 parameter Log normal (LN3) and Generalized Pareto (GPA) distributions. The methods of LH-moment of four orders (L1 L2, L3 & L4-moments) have also been used for estimating the parameters of three probability distributions namely Generalized extreme value (GEV), Generalized Logistic (GLO) and Generalized Pareto (GPA) distributions. PE3 distribution has been selected as the best fitting distribution using L-moment, GPA distribution using L1-moment and GLO distribution using L2, L3 & L4-moments. Relative root mean square error (RRMSE) and RBIAS are employed to compare between the results found from L-moment and LH-moment analysis. It is found that GPA distribution designated by L1-moment method is the most suitable and the best fitting distribution for rainfall frequency analysis of the northeast India. Also the L1-moment method is significantly more efficient than L-moment and other orders of LH-moment for rainfall frequency analysis of the northeast India.