Duplications of the alimentary tract are rare and ileum is the most commonly affected site, followed by the Oesophagus which accounts for 15% of all digestive tract duplications. The duplicated Oesophagus with mucus, submucous and muscular membranes, is adjacent to the true Oesophagus without a common wall. This condition leads to dysphagia, vomiting, nausea, retrosteranal pain or respiratory distress and stridor. This condition is commonly seen during the newborn period. Tubular duplication is commonly seen in the mid and lower third of the Oesophagus whereas cystic oesophageal duplication is found in the lower third of the Oesophagus. Usuall 70% -90% of the patients are diagnosed before two years of age as they develop symptoms. However few case of oesophageal duplication has been discovered incidently in adult patients. In this study, we report a rare case of isolated complete tubular oesophageal duplication in a 2 day old male newborn, who presented with excessive salivation, respiratory distress and intolerance to feeds.

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Foreign body ingestion are commonly seen in children and mentally handicapped adults. Most foreign bodies pass through G.I tract without any problem. Metallic objects except aluminium, most animal bones except fish bones and glass foreign bodies are opaque on radiographs, whereas plastic and wooden foreign bodies are not opaque. Foreign body can simulate the appearance of medical device. It is important that all ultrasound, CT, nuclear medicine and MR images be interpreted in light of radiographs of the same region. Oesophageal foreign bodies require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Patients who have symptoms of complete oesophageal occlusion and those who have ingested button batteries need urgent treatment. Main symptoms due to oesophageal foreign body are dysphagia, acute onset of pain, excessive salivation and choking. In case of suspected foreign body ingestion in children, symptoms are more notable during swallowing. Younger children may drool, vomit, refuse food or gag. Hematemesis and Cough are other symptoms. Children most commonly ingest metal coins throughout the world. Hand Held Metal Detector (HHMD) has been found to be radiation free, cost effective and an accurate method in diagnosing and localizing coins ingested by children. Besides history and physical examination, radiology is a very important diagnostic tool in diagnosing and localizing ingested foreign body. Plain radiographs of cervical and chest region done in posteroanterior and lateral views help to identify foreign body and its location. Barium swallow examination is done in case of negative radiographs. Two cases of foreign body ingestion has been reported in this article. Case 1 is an adult male and case 2 a six year old female child. Both of them developed sudden chest pain, dysphagia, excessive salivation and choking after eating fruits. Diagnosis of foreign body oesophagus was made on barium studies and fruit seed was removed on endoscopy in both of them. Aims of this article are to:- Outline the evaluation of a patient who has ingested a foreign body. Highlights various modalities for diagnosis of ingested foreign body.

Supracondylar process of the humerus is a congenital bone projection seen on the distal humerus on the anteromedial surface. A fibrous band called ligament of Struthers’ connects the supracondylar process of humerus with medial epicondyle. It is mainly asymptomatic but rarely can present as supracondylar process syndrome due to neurovascular compression. Although isolated median nerve injuries are most common they can also present with fractures and vascular complications. The ulnar nerve is rarely involved. The median nerve can be trapped at several sites proximal to the carpal tunnel. Potential sites where the median nerve can be trapped are bicipital aponeurosis, two heads of pronator teres, flexor digitorum superficialis, aponeurotic arch and Gantzer muscle.[1] Supracondylar process of the humerus is a hook-like bony process seen about 5 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle and has a pointed apex. It is curved downwards and forwards and is commonly seen in climbing mammals. Vinilla et al. published a comparison of measurements of the supracondylar process of the humerus in different studies. The length of the process varied from 0.3 cm to 1.6 cm, breadth 1cm to 1.5 cm and distance from the medial epicondyle varied from 4.4 cm to 6.5 cm. They concluded that the supracondylar process had to be differentiated from osteochondroma and myositis ossificans.[2]