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Background: Postnatal period is a vulnerable time, because most maternal and new born deaths occur during this period, especially immediately after childbirth. Postnatal care in the first hours and days after childbirth could prevent the great majority of these deaths. The objective of study was to assess the utilization of post-natal care and associated factors for low utilization in urban area of Jabalpur district.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried 360 mothers who delivered in last one year in urban area of Jabalpur district. Sampling method was multistage sampling method. A total 36 wards with 10 mothers from each ward was selected. The questionnaire included information related to mode of delivery, post-natal checkups and visits of health care providers.Results: Among 360 mothers, 93.9% mothers received first postnatal check-up within 24 hrs. 1.11% of mothers between 2-3 days and 1.67% of mothers received first postnatal check-up between 4-7 days while 3.33% of mothers didn’t receive any postnatal check-up. Regarding number of post-natal visits, 58.33% mothers received 3 or more postnatal visits, 35% of mother received 2 PNC visits, while 3.3% did not receive a single postnatal visit. The education of mothers, joint type of family, high socioeconomic status, early registration of pregnancy, minimum 4 ANC visits and institutional deliveries were found significantly associated with utilization of postnatal check-up.Conclusions: Utilization of postnatal services is still poor in the urban areas even though the physical accessibility was adequate. In the present study, it was concluded that the role of education, especially of female education, is important contributing factor associated with utilization of postnatal care.

Background: Hepatitis B is a global public health problem. In India the carrier rate of hepatitis B is higher among health care personnel. Nurses are probably the most commonly exposed health care staff exposed to needle prick, injuries and contact with infectious fluids. Objective: To assess the levels of awareness regarding infectivity of hepatitis B among nurses, their attitude towards hepatitis B vaccination and practices followed after needle stick injury. Methodology: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in 30 nurses of MY hospital (MYH) and multispecialty private hospital (PH) each with help of semi structured questionnaire about knowledge, attitude and practice related to hepatitis B. Chi square test was applied to assess significant difference between the two centres. Result: 73.3% of nurses of MYH and 43.3% of PH think that they are at high risk for hepatitis B infection. 43.3% of MYH and 23.3% of PH considered all hospital places to be risky. 30% nurses of MYH and 20% of PH had knowledge of post exposure prophylaxis. 36.67% of nurses of MYH and 93.33% nurses of PH were vaccinated. 33.33% of MYH nurses and 46.6% of PH nurses were exposed to needle stick injury. Conclusion: This study was concluded as vaccination was more in private institution than government institution. Main reason or the acceptance of vaccination is Hospital policy. Knowledge about post exposure prophylaxis and correct action after needle stick injuries was less.

Background: As year passes, numbers of vehicles on road are increasing at the same time numbers of accidents are increasing. One of the major contributors for these accidents is the distraction created by headphone use during driving. Youngsters which are the major contributor for any nation's development are lost due to these accidents. Aims: To estimate prevalence of headphone use while driving among medical graduates and find out felt problems associated with headphone usage while driving. Methods: Setting and design: An observation (Cross-sectional) study was conducted in government medical college situated in urban area. Technique: 260 medical under graduate were selected for study. A semi structured questionnaire was used as study tool for observation. Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Statistical analysis used: The data was analyzed using appropriate statistical software (MS excel). Results: In this Study out of 260 medical undergraduates, 192 (73.85%) boys and 68 (26.15%) girls participated. 37.30% students were using headphone during driving out of which 20.77% were always using with every drive and 16.53% were occasionally using headphone. Only 71 (27.31%) student were not using helmet during driving. 37.11% students used headphone for both talking and listening songs, they prefer to listen songs in high volume (21.65%). 65% students had knowledge about health hazards associated with headphone usage. Conclusions: Prevalence of headphone usage during driving among medical undergraduates was found to be 37.3%. Despite of the awareness of health hazards associated with headphone usage, most of the students prefer headphone over helmet.

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