No abstract

Academics often have to face with burnout syndrome at work. This cross-sectional study evaluates the reliability of the Italian version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in a sample of Academics of Sapienza University of Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, through an online questionnaire composed of the CBI, SF12 Health Survey, and Positivity Scale. Univariate, bivariate, multivariate analyses, and Cronbach α coefficients of CBI were performed. Ninety-five participants completed the questionnaire (response rate 85%). Cronbach’s α of the three domains were high (0.892, 0.868, and 0.836). Women, younger and part time professors reported higher score in personal (p = 0.025; 0.060) and work burnout. In multivariate analysis decreasing age (β = −0.263; p = 0.001); being a professor in environmental technicians (β = −0.120; p = 0.098); and low mental (β = −0.263; p = 0.020), physical (β = −0.319; p ≤ 0.001) and positivity scores (β = −0.237; p = 0.031) predict significantly higher personal burnout. Low physical (β = −0.346; p < 0.001) and mental (β = − 0.249; p = 0.013) positivity (β = −0.345; p = 0.001) scores; fewer years of work (β = −0.269; p ≤ 0.001); and being a medical or nursing professor (β = 0.169; p = 0.016) predicts high work burnout. Low MCS predicts a high level of student burnout. Results suggest that the Italian version of the CBI is a reliable instrument. Further research should focus on the prevalence of burnout in academics.

Aim:The aim was to describe which elements of nurses' knowledge, training needs, behavior, and attitude can prevent Medication errors (Acronym MEs) in the emergency department during all steps of the administration of intravenous (IV) medications.Methods:An anonymous questionnaire made up of 43 items has been drafted and delivered to a sample of 103 nurses of a university hospital in Rome. The study has been supported by specific literature review.Results:Majority of the sample (94%) answered that topics related to the preparation and administration of IV medications were covered during the basic course while 63.2% only during the postbasic course. Only 15.6% of nurses judged excellent their level of knowledge about preparation and administration of IV medications while 89.3% considered that it is important to improve their knowledge; 85.6% said that the teaching about the use of IV medications should be increased during the degree course they attended; 30.3% agreed that specific postgraduate courses on the use of IV drugs should be designed. Moreover, only 22% of the sample believed that the coaching of new recruit nurses is critical to prevent errors.Conclusion:The sample showed appropriate knowledge, positive attitudes, and right behavior related to the preparation and administration of IV medications. The skills that nurses must have in pharmacology are still rising, both due to the safety of drug therapy and to the increasing number of drugs available; the result is that nurses have to update their knowledge regularly.

Although many studies have detailed the consequences of shift work in nurses concerning health, fatigue, sleepiness, or medical errors, no study has been carried out trying to disentangle the contribution of sleepiness and fatigue associated to shift work from the attentional performance. The aim of this pilot study is (A) to investigate the effects of an 8-h rapidly rotating shift on fatigue and sleepiness among staff nurses and (B) how these factors affect their psychomotor performance. Fourteen nurses were selected for a within-subject cross-sectional study according to this sequence of shifts: morning–afternoon–night, which were compared as function of tiredness, sleepiness, and performance at the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). Subsequently, a within-subject Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) evaluated if the observed differences between shifts persist when the contribution of sleepiness is controlled. Our results clearly indicate that night shifts are associated with significant greater sleepiness and tiredness, and worsened performance at the PVT. As hypothesized, ANCOVA showed that these differences disappear when the contribution of sleepiness is controlled. Results point to a lower psychomotor performance in night compared to day shifts that depends on sleepiness. Hence, interventions to minimize the consequences of the night shift should consider a reduction of sleepiness.

Background/Aim: A prospective randomized open label parallel trial, comparing the quality of life (QoL) after endoscopic placement of a self-expandable metal stent or primary tumor resection, in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer was performed. Patients and Methods: Thirty-three patients affected with stage IV colorectal cancer and unresectable metastases were randomly assigned into two groups: Group 1 (16 patients), that underwent selfexpandable metal stent positioning and Group 2 (17 patients), in which primary tumor resection was performed. Karnofsky performance scale and QoL assessment using the EQ-5D-5L™ questionnaire was administered before treatment and thereafter at 1, 3 and 6 months. Results: At 1 month, index values showed a statistically significant deterioration of the QoL in patients of Group 2 when compared to those of Group 1 (p=0.001; 95%CI=0.065-0.211) whereas, at 6 months, index values showed a statistically significant deterioration of the QoL in patients of Group 1 (p<0.025; 95%CI=0.017-0.238). Conclusion: QoL in patients affected with stage IV colorectal cancer has a bimodal fluctuation pattern: at 1month it was better in patients that received stent, but at 6months it was significantly better in patients submitted to surgical resection.