The quantum Hall (QH) effect supports a set of chiral edge states at the boundary of a 2-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system. A superconductor (SC) contacting these states can induce correlations of the quasi-particles in the dissipationless 1D chiral QH edge states. If the superconducting electrode is narrower than the superconducting coherence length, the incoming electron is correlated to the outgoing hole along the chiral edge state by the Andreev process 1-3 across the SC electrode. In order to realise this crossed Andreev conversion (CAC) 4-7 , it is necessary to fabricate highly transparent and nanometer-scale superconducting junctions to the QH system. Here we report the observation of CAC in a graphene QH system contacted with a nanostructured NbN superconducting electrode. The chemical potential of the edge states across the SC electrode exhibits a sign reversal, providing direct evidence of CAC. This hybrid SC/QH system is a novel route to create isolated non-Abelian anyonic zero modes, in resonance with the chiral QH edge 7-12 .Inducing superconducting correlations via the proximity effect into a 2DEG in the QH regime has been a long standing challenge and has attracted renewed attentions due to its promise for realising non-Abealian zero modes [13][14][15] . Unlike conventional conductors, the 2DEG can exhibit an insulating incompressible bulk electronic state under perpendicular quantizing magnetic fields. In this QH regime, the conduction of electric charge occurs only along the edges via 1D chiral edge states, which the SC can make contacts to. In order to realise the hybrid system of QH and SC, the upper critical field of the SC needs to be high enough such that Cooper pairs in the SC are correlated mostly to the quasiparticles in well-developed 1D QH edge states. The experimental realisation of such hybrid systems often encounters challenges in semiconductor 2DEGs due to the formation of large Schottky barriers at the SC/semiconductor interfaces 16 . Graphene is a compelling candidate for the SC/QH platform, since the zero-band gap of graphene ensures Ohmic contacts for most metals, including SCs with high upper critical fields. Highly transparent SC/graphene interfaces have been demonstrated with strong superconducting proximity interactions and Josephson couplings 15,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . In addition, high mobility hBN-encapsulated graphene channels exhibit integer and fractional QH effects 24,25 at much lower magnetic field than the upper critical field of a few select SCs.
We realize an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer with quantum Hall edge channels along a pn junction in graphene.
An unconventional superconducting state was recently discovered in UTe2, where spin-triplet superconductivity emerges from the paramagnetic normal state of a heavy fermion material. The coexistence of magnetic fluctuations and superconductivity, together with the crystal structure of this material, suggest that a unique set of symmetries, magnetic properties, and topology underlie the superconducting state. Here, we report observations of a non-zero polar Kerr effect and of two transitions in the specific heat upon entering the superconducting state, which together suggest that the superconductivity in UTe2 is characterized by a two-component order parameter that breaks time reversal symmetry. These data place constraints on the symmetries of the order parameter and inform the discussion on the presence of topological superconductivity in UTe2.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.