Background: Nodal status in breast cancer [BC] is the most prognostic factor for survival and prognosis, and affects treatment decisions. Nodal status had reciprocal relation with pre-and post-operative factors. All these reflect the crucial importance of nodal status in BC. Aim of the work: Evaluation of pre-and post-operative factors related to nodal status in breast cancer. Patients and Methods: The current work included 40 patients with confirmed BC, who had been scheduled for modified radical mastectomy or conservative breast surgery with axillary evacuation. All were assessed in a systematic manner preoperatively. In addition, an intraoperative and post-operative evaluation had been carried out. Postoperative histopathological examination of excised tissues had been done for all specimens. Both intra-and post-surgical complications and factors associated with positive nodal status were documented. Results: The most significant factors associated with high positive nodal status were age [patient ≤ 45 years was significantly associated with increased positive nodes when compared to > 45 years [37.68±35.23 vs 17.66±19.45 respectively], obesity [30.66±27.33 vs 18.49±25.07 nodes for obese and lean individuals respectively]., tumors greater than 2 cm, positivity of the human-epidermal-growth-factor receptor 2 [Her2]/neu, positive lymphovasular invasion, tumors of the upper quadrant, and the type of histopathology. Conclusion: Nodal status affected by pre-and post-surgery factors [e.g., age, obesity, tumor site, tumor size, Her2/neu, lymphovascular invasion and histopathological type of the tumor]. Thus, these factors help in planning of the treatment such as the type of surgery, endocrine therapy, radiation therapy and the adjuvant chemotherapy.