AbstrakMakanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) adalah makanan padat yang mengandung nutrien lengkap yang diberikan kepada bayi mulai usia 6 bulan disamping ASI eksklusif untuk mencapai tumbuh kembang yang optimal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia pemberian MP-ASI dan jenis MP-ASI dengan status gizi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-November 2012 pada anak usia 1-3 tahun yang berdomisili di Kota Padang. Pengumpulan data karakteristik responden, usia pemberian MP-ASI, dan jenis MP-ASI dilakukan dengan wawancara terpimpin. Pengukuran status gizi dilakukan berdasarkan BB/TB Z-score. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dari 200 anak, 51% anak diberi diberi MP-ASI sesuai jadwal dengan jenis MP-ASI buatan pabrik. Status gizi kurang, lebih banyak didapatkan pada anak yang diberi MP-ASI dini (33%). Tidak ditemukan anak dengan status gizi buruk.Terdapat hubungan antara usia pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi p= 0,001 (P < 0,05) dan tidak ada hubungan antara jenis MP-ASI dengan status gizi p= 0,456 (p > 0,05). Kata kunci: MP-ASI, Status gizi, Anak usia 1-3 tahun AbstractComplementary feeding is a solid and nutrient dense foods that contain complete given to infants from 6 months of age are exclusively breastfed in addition to achieve optimal growth and development. The research objective was to determine the relationship between the age of complementary feeding and provision of complementary feeding types with nutritional status. This study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in May-November 2012 on children aged 1-3 years who live in Padang. The characteristics of the respondents, aged giving complementary feeding, and the type of complementary feeding by the guided interview. Measurement of nutritional status is based on weight / height Z-score.The statistical analysis used was chi square test. The results showed that of 200 children, 51% children were given complementary feeding schedule. The type was given is complementary feeding of factory. Nutritional status is much less than was found in children who were given complementary feeding early (33%). There are no children with poor nutritional status. There is a significant association between age of Complementary feeding with nutritional status p = 0.001 (P < 0.05) and there was no significant association between the type of Complementary feeding with nutritional status p = 0.456 (p >0.05).

AbstrakAda beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan angka kejadian pneumonia di negara berkembang yaitu: kurangnya pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif, gizi buruk, polusi udara dalam ruangan, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) dan kurangnya imunisasi campak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat, Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control study, sampel terdiri dari 27 case dan 27 control. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara terpimpin serta melihat data rekam medik dan dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian  mendapatkan balita pada kelompok kasus yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (81,5%), paparan asap rokok (74,1%), riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah (3,7%), tidak mendapatkan imunisasi campak (40,7%) dan gizi kurang (25,9%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan kejadian pneumonia (p=0,022; OR=9,1; 95%CI=1,034-80,089), sedangkan pemberian ASI eksklusif, paparan asap rokok, riwayat bayi berat lahir rendah dan imunisasi campak tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap pneumonia.Kata kunci: balita, faktor risiko, pneumonia AbstractPneumonia in developing countries are associated to the risk factors such as: lack of exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition, indoor air pollution, low birth weight and lack of measles vaccinations. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated on the occurrence of pneumonia among the children under five years of age in Air Tawar Barat district, Padang City. This study used case control study  to the 27 cases and 27 control. The data were collected by guided interview and the medical records, than was analyzed by chi-square.test. The results of this study obtanined in the group of cases based on the low exclusive breastfeeding rates (81.5%), exposure to cigarette smoke (74.1%), a history of low birth weight (3.7%), did not get measles vaccinations (40.7%) and malnutrition (25.9%). The result of bivariate analysis shows the significant relationship between nutritional status on the occurrence of pneumonia (p=0.022; OR=9.1; 95% CI=1.034-80.089). The exclusive breastfeeding, exposure to cigarette smoke, a history of low birth weight and measles vaccinations are not significantly related to the occurrence of pneumonia. Keywords: children under five years of age, risk factors, pneumonia

AbstrakAnemia merupakan salah satu masalah utama pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik. Tinggi rendahnya laju filtrasi glomerulus mempengaruhi kejadian anemia pada penyakit ginjal kronik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi hubungan kejadian anemia dengan penyakit ginjal kronik pada pasien yang dirawat di Bagian Penyakit Dalam tahun 2010. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan survei analitik dengan menggunakan design penelitian cross sectional study. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari sub bagian Rekam Medik (Medical Record) RSUP dr. M Djamil Padang dari Juni–Desember 2012 dengan jumlah sampel adalah 67 pasien penyakit ginjal kronik. Ditemukan angka kejadian anemia pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik sebesar 98,5% dengan rata-rata kadar Hb sebesar 7,3 g/dl dan rata-rata laju filtrasi glomerulus adalah 8,81 ml/menit/1.73m2. Dari hasil uji korelasi Pearson diperoleh hasil adanya hubungan kejadian anemia dengan penyakit ginjal kronik di RSUP dr M Djamil Padang  dengan p = 0,00 (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah semakin rendah laju filtrasi glomerulus menunjukkan semakin rendah juga kadar hemoglobin pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik.Kata kunci: anemia, penyakit ginjal kronik, laju filtrasi glomerulus AbstractAnemia is one of the major problems in patients with chronic kidney disease. High and low glomerular filtration rate affect the incidence of anemia in chronic kidney disease. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship  of anemia on patients with chronic kidney disease in the Internal Medicine. The type of this research was analytic studies using a cross sectional study research design from June–December 2012 . This study used secondary data taken from Medical Record department of dr. M. Djamil hospital  with  samples of the entire medical record is 67 persons chronic kidney disease patients in 2010. The result found the incidence of anemia in chronic kidney disease patients was 98.5%, with an average hemoglobin level at 7.3 g/dl and mean glomerular filtration rate was 8.81 ml /min/1.73m2. Pearson correlation of test results obtained by the result of the relationship of anemia on patients with chronic kidney disease at dr M Djamil Padang Hospital with p = 0.00 (p <0,05). The low rate of glomerular filtration rate also showed by the low level of hemoglobin in patients with chronic kidney disease    Keywords: anemia, chronic kidney disease, glomerular filtration rate

Dictogloss can be considered as way for integrating form and meaning in the learning context. The main objective of this research is to analyze whether: (1) Dictogloss is more effective than Direct Instruction to teach writing for the eleventh grades students, and (2) students having high motivation have better writing skill than those having low motivation for the eleventh-grade students. This article refers to an experimental study on the effectiveness of Dictogloss to teach writing skill at one of Islamic School in Surakarta, Indonesia. The sampling used in this research was cluster random sampling with two classes as sample, namely the experimental class taught using Dictogloss and the control class taught using Direct Instruction. To collect the data, there were two instruments used in this research namely, the writing test and the motivation questionnaire. After treatment was given to both classes in eight meetings, a post-test of writing to obtain data was conducted. The data were analyzed by using 2x2 Multifactor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Before conducting the ANOVA test, pre-requisite test namely normality and homogeneity test were conducted. The result of this research shows that: (1) Dictogloss is more effective than Direct Instruction to teach writing, and (2) students having high motivation have better writing skill than those having low motivation. Therefore, it is recommended for the English teacher to apply Dictogloss in writing activity to promote an effective teaching on writing skill. In conclusion, Dictogloss can be used to improve students’ writing skill for the eleventh-grade students.

AbstrakPenyakit ginjal kronik adalah kelainan struktur dan penurunan faal ginjal yang telah berlangsung lebih dari tiga bulan. Gangguan fungsi ginjal dapat ditentukan berdasarkan nilai laju filtrasi glomerulus, tetapi dengan metode sederhana bisa juga melalui pemeriksaan protein urine. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan protein urine dan laju filtrasi glomerulus pada penderita penyakit ginjal kronik dewasa di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari 2015 sampai 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 data rekam medis penderita penyakit ginjal kronik dewasa yang telah memeriksakan protein urine dan laju filtrasi glomerulus melalui hasil pemeriksaan kreatinin serum. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil analisis univariat didapatkan karakteristik dari sampel penderita penyakit ginjal kronik yang terbanyak adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki dan berumur lebih dari 60 tahun. Penyebab terbanyak adalah nefropati diabetes. Rerata laju filtrasi glomerulus sampel adalah 9,178 mL/mnt per 1,73 m 2 . Pemeriksaan protein urine sampel didapatkan hasil yang terbanyak adalah +3. Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan p=0,118. Simpulan studi ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara protein urine dan laju filtrasi glomerulus pada penderita penyakit ginjal kronik dewasa di RSUP Dr.M.Djamil Padang dari 2015 sampai 2017. Kata kunci: penyakit ginjal kronik, protein urine, laju filtrasi glomerulus Abstract Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is structural and functional disruption of kidney for more than three months. Kidney function disruption is determined by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) or simply by urine protein test. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between urine protein and GFR of patients having chronic kidney disease in Dr. M. Djamil Padang General Hospital since 2015 until 2017. The study was analytical using crosssectional design. The samples were chosen by purposive random sampling technique to get 40 adult patients who have chronic kidney disease with by urine protein test and serum creatinine examination. Data were analyzed by univariate statistic and bivariate data using Kruskal-Wallis test. Univariate anaylisis found that most patients were men, age more than 60 years old and the most common etiology was diabetic nephropathy. Average of samples glomerular filtration rate was 9.178 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Urine protein evaluation mostly revealed +3 result. Bivariate analysis found p = 0.118. The conclusion is no significant relationship between protein urine and glomerular filtration rate of patients with chronic kidney disease in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari 2015 sampai 2017.