Background: Caries is an infectious disease accompanied by damage to the surface tissue of enamel, dentin and extends toward the pulp. Microorganisms that have a role in the formation of caries, namely Streptococcus mutans. Rambutan leaves and tin leaves are plants that have an antibacterial effect. This study aimed to compare the antibacterial effects of rambutan and tin leaves on the bacteria Streptococcus mutans. Methods: In vitro experimental studies. A total of 30 petri dishes that have been added 1-2 ose of bacterial culture Streptococcus mutans and MHA (mueller hinton agar) were used in this study, with 10 test groups, namely 2 control groups, 4 rambutan leaves extract test groups, and 4 tin leaves extract test groups. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS using univariate and bivariate. Results: Extracts of rambutan leaves and tin leaves show the ability to inhibit the bacterial growth of Streptococcus mutans, along with increasing the dose of the extract. However, the inhibition ability of tin leaf extract was not as great as that of rambutan leaf extract at the same concentration. Conclusion: Rambutan leaf extract (Nephelium lappaceum L.) has effectiveness as an antibacterial Streptococcus mutans more optimal than tin leaf extract (Ficus carica L.).

Pendahuluan; streptococcus mutans adalah bakteri patogen dan penyebab utama karies gigi. Maka diperlukan suatu tindakan pencegahan karies gigi dengan bahan antibakteri alami dengan kumis kucing. Tujuan; mengetahui pengaruh efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun kumis kucing terhadap bakteri streptococcus mutans. Metode; penelitian menggunakan eksperimental laboratoris dengan desain posttest only control group in vitro. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat menggunakan shear caliper. Kemudian, data dianalisis dengan uji statistik oneway ANOVA dan posthoc LSD. Hasil; bahwa diameter rata-rata zona hambat antibakteri ekstrak daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dengan konsentrasi 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125% terhadap Streptococcus mutans. bakteri adalah 11,50 ± 0,38 mm, 10,78 ± 0,22 mm, 9,90 ± 0,13 mm, 9,10 ± 0,08 mm dan 8,25 ± 0,25 mm, sedangkan kontrol negatif pada penelitian ini yaitu DMSO tidak memiliki diameter hambat (0 mm). Kesimpulan; bahwa terdapat efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun kumis kucing terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans.

Pendahuluan; permukaan halus resin komposit nanofiller dapat menjadi kasar seiring konsumsi makanan/minuman yang mengandung asam. Tujuan; mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh perendaman air perasan jeruk lemon dan air perasan asam cikala terhadap kekasaran resin komposit nanofiller. Metode; penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan sampel resin komposit nanofiller. Uji statistik menggunakan uji anova. Hasil; menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kekasaran resin komposit nanofiller yang direndam air perasan asam cikala dengan kelompok kontrol tetapi hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang siginifikan (p>0,05) antara kekasaran resin komposit nanofiller yang direndam air perasan jeruk lemon dengan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan; bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengaruh rendaman air perasan asam cikala dan air perasan jeruk lemon terhadap kekasaran permukaan resin komposit nanofiller.

Background: Root canal treatment is performed to eliminate the infection in the pulp tissue. One of the critical steps in root canal treatment is irrigation, which aims to clean debris and smear layer. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of star fruit extract (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% with EDTA 17% in cleaning the smear layer on the one-third of apical root canals. Methods: This type of research is an experimental in vitro laboratory with a post-test only control group design. The sample of this study consisted of 25 premolars which were randomly divided into five groups. The teeth were instrumented with a K-file and irrigated with the following materials: groups I, II, III, and IV using bilimbi leaves extract, each with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and group V (positive control). ) using 17% EDTA. SEM (scanning electron microscope) was used to measure the cleanliness score of the smear layer on the apical third of the root canal. This study showed that bilimbi leaves extract was able to clean the smear layer on the one-third of the apical root canal. Results: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between all treatment groups. The highest average smear layer cleanliness score in the apical third of the root canals was EDTA 17%, while the lowest average smear layer cleanliness score was 5% bilimbi leaves extract. Conclusion: Bilimbi leaves extract with a concentration of 20% was considered more effective among the extract groups, and 17% EDTA was the most effective in cleaning the smear layer on one-third of the root canals.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic condition where the body's ability to produce and utilize insulin is impaired; thus, wound healing process is slower than usual in patients with DM. Lemon pepper has both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of topical application of lemon pepper fruit ethanol extracts on the healing process of oral traumatic ulcers in diabetic rats. This study was performed at the Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia from September 2021–October 2021. Thirty males diabetic Wistar rats were thermally injured on the lower labial mucosa and divided into five groups: control, standard, and lemon pepper gel 5%, 7.5%, and 10% groups. The ulcer size was measured after injury and on the 7th and 14th day. On the last day, all rats underwent both routine blood count and histology study for oral ulcer tissue. On the 14th day, all treatment groups showed some significant difference wound contraction, with the highest tendency of wound contraction seen in both lemon pepper gel 10% and standard groups (62.50%. p-value =0.001). The improvement of wound contraction was also supported by reduced white blood cell count (p-value<0.05) in routine blood count and regeneration of epidermis and dermis tissues in the histology study. Hence, it can be concluded that the lemon pepper extract gel in all concentrations has good physical stability and the lemon pepper gel with the highest concentration group presents the best ulcer healing activity compared to other concentrations and has similar ulcer healing activity as the standard group that receives Kenalog® in Orabase.