Female genital tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the female reproductive tract. The disease burden among women leads to infertility is significant, especially in developing countries. The bacteria can spread from the lung into the reproductive organ through lymphatic or hematogenous. Many patients present with atypical symptoms, which mimic other gynecological conditions. Several investigations are needed to establish the diagnosis. Almost all cases of genital TB affect the fallopian tube and cause infertility in patients and endometrial involvement. Current treatment still relies on antituberculosis therapy with a combination of tubal surgery. The present review describes the epidemiological data, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and currently available treatment to cure the disease and for in vitro fertilization.
Background: The incidence of abnormally invasive placenta increases tenfold as the number of caesarian section increases in the past 50 years. Placenta previa accreta is strongly associated with massive bleeding and leads to maternal death. Prenatal diagnosis helps in planning the delivery to reduce the risk of bleeding and possible complications. This study aims to find out diagnostic value of Placenta Accreta Index Score (PAIS) as supporting tool in prenatal diagnostic of abnormally invasive placenta. Methods: The diagnostic test was undertaken in May 2017 at General Hospital of Hasan Sadikin, identifying patients with placenta previa with history of caesarian section between May 2016-May 2017. PAIS were obtained and compared with histopathological findings. Results: Among 21 placenta previa patients with post caesarian section, 10 (47.6%) of them histopathologically proven as abnormally invasive placenta. With statistical analysis accuracy values obtained PAIS and histopathological findings in patient with placenta previa is 0.762 (good). Diagnostic value of PAIS with histopathological findings in placenta previa patient had a sensitivity 70%, a specificity 81,8%, positive predictive value (PPV) 77.8%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 75% by PAIS cut off point is 3.125. No maternal death. Mean duration of postoperative care was 5 days. Average total bleeding during surgery is 2622 ml with lowest postoperative hemoglobin 8.36g/dl. All babies born with appropriate to gestational birth weight with average first minute APGAR was 7 and without fetal anemia. Conclusions: PAIS can be used to help to predict the risk of abnormally.
Background: Uterine myoma is a benign gynecological tumor which is commonly occurred in women. The incidence of uterine myoma in the world is 20-35% while in Indonesia is about 2.4-11.7%. Age, parity, and body mass index are correlated with the incidence of uterine myoma. This study aimed to determine the relationship among those factors towards uterine myoma, and to identify the prognostic value of body mass index in order to prevent uterine myoma. Methods: A case-control study was conducted to examine 394 medical records of patients with uterine myoma at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2006 to 2011. The case group were 133 and the control group were 261. The data were the subject's weight, height, age, and parity. The correlation among all variable and the occurrence of uterine myomas were conducted using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: There was no different range of age between the two groups. The incidence rate ratio of parity was 2.254 (95% confidence interval:1.310-3.876), followed by body mass index>33.0 incidence rate ratio was 1.691 (95% confidence interval: 0.477-5.994). From the receiver operating characteristic curve, it could be seen that the cut-off points for body mass index was 20.44 kg/m², and the risk of uterine myomas scaled up as the increase of body mass index. Conclusions: Parity and BMI can affect the risk of uterine myomas. To prevent the incident of uterine myomas, parity must be limited and BMI must be below the cut-off points (20.44 kg/m²). [AMJ.2015;2(3):
Objective: To compare the efficacy of sperm preparation techniques modified by two layer density gradient technique (80%, 40%). Methods: Sperm preparation was performed by two-and three-layer density gradient technique by centrifugation at 500 rpm for 20 minutes using SpermGrad (Vitrolife, Sweden). Results: The average concentration of total sperm preparation by two-layer density gradient was 23.19 million with a standard deviation of 11.9 million while the result of three-layer density gradient preparation obtained a mean total sperm concentration of 19.64 million with a standard deviation of 10.033 million. The mean total concentration of sperm in three-layer was lower than two-layer density gradient with p <0.001. Conclusions: This study concludes that there was a significant difference between the concentration of sperm prepared using two-layer and three-layers density gradient technique.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.