Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit yang memerlukan terapi jangka panjang dan dapat menimbulkan komplikasi di berbagai organ. Pengetahuan merupakan faktor penting untuk terbentuknya perilaku kesehatan yang baik termasuk dalam kepatuhan minum obat. Tujuan: Mendapatkan gambaran tentang korelasi  antara pengetahuan dan  kepatuhan minum obat pasien DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Mandau Kabupaten Bengkalis. Metode: Studi observasional dengan desain crosssectional  dilakukan pada pasien diabetes melitus (DM) Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Mandau. Responden penelitian adalah 40 orang pasien yang terpilih dan bersedia berpartisipasi. Tingkat pengetahuan  dan kepatuhan minum obat diukur menggunakan Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) dan Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) yang sudah tervalidasi. Uji Spearman dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan pasien dan kepatuhan minumobat. Hasil: Pengetahuan pasien DM Tipe 2 75% berada pada tingkat sedang dan 50% berada pada  tingkat kepatuhan yang tergolong  tinggi.  Uji spearman menunjukkan nilai p = 0,022 dengan nilai r = 0,360. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan pasien DM Tipe 2 dengan kepatuhan minum obat dengan tingkat korelasi lemah.

The ability of raw and dried Sargassum duplicatum to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution was evaluated. Brown algae. S. duplicatum before and after MB adsorption was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Batch experiments were conducted to examine the effects of parameters such as initial pH, biomass dosage, contact time, and initial dye concentration on MB Adsorption. The optimum adsorption was found at around pH 5, adsorbent dosage 1 g/L, and initial concentration of MB at 20 mg/L. Adsorption occurs very fast in first 5 min and reaches the equilibrium at 70 min. The maximum percentage of dye removal was 88,9%. This study suggests that S. duplicatum has good potential capacity to remove MB dye and could offer promising opportunity as a low-cost biosorbent.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi inhibitor ekstrak daun beluntas (Pluchea indica Less.) terhadap laju korosi baja karbon dan karakteristik permukaan baja karbon sebelum dan sesudah direndam dalam media NaCl 3,5% tanpa dan dengan adanya inhibitor. Media korosif NaCl 3,5% direaksikan dengan ekstrak daun beluntas untuk memperlambat proses oksidasi Fe dengan variasi konsentrasi 0 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm dan 2000 ppm dan direndam selama 2, 4 dan 6 hari. Pengukuran laju korosi dilakukan dengan metode Weight loss dan polarisasi potensiodinamik. Karakterisasi baja karbon dilakukan menggunakan instrumen Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) dan Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Metode Weight loss dan polarisasi potensiodinamik menunjukkan nilai laju korosi terkecil pada perendaman selama 6 hari dengan konsentrasi inhibitor 2000 ppm yaitu masing-masing sebesar 1,5451 mmpy dan 1,5514 mmpy dengan efisiensi inhibisi sebesar 91%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi ekstrak dan semakin lama perendaman maka laju korosi semakin kecil dan efisiensi inhibisi semakin besar. Analisis FT-IR menunjukkan gugus fungsi yang teradsorpsi ke permukaan baja karbon yaitu O-H, C=C dan –CO-. Selain itu pada daerah sidik jari mengindikasikan ikatan Fe-O yang merupakan kompleks antara logam dengan senyawa ekstrak. Hasil analisis SEM-EDS menunjukkan bahwa pada permukaan baja karbon yang direndam dalam larutan NaCl 3,5% tanpa adanya inhibitor terbentuk retakan yang lebih banyak dibandingkan permukaan baja karbon yang direndam dalam larutan NaCl 3,5% dengan adanya ekstrak daun beluntas. Persentase Fe untuk baja karbon yang direndam tanpa adanya inhibitor sebesar 70,88% sedangkan untuk baja karbon yang direndam dengan adanya inhibitor sebesar 77,83%. Kata kunci: Laju Korosi, Baja Karbon, NaCl 3,5%, Inhibitor, Ekstrak Daun Beluntas ABSTRACT This research is an experiment research aimed to determine the effect of variations concentration of beluntas leaf extract on the corrosion rate of carbon steel and characteristics surface before and after immersed in 3,5% NaCl solution without and presence of inhibitors. Corrosive reacted with beluntas leaf extract to slow the process of oxidation Fe with various concentrations of 0 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm and 2000 ppm and immersion 2, 4 and 6 days. Measurement of corrotion rate by weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization method. Characterization of carbon steel used Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization methode showed that the smallest corrosion rate at 6 days immersion with an extract concentration of 2000 ppm, each of 1,5451 mmpy and 1,5514 mmpy with an efficiency of 91%. The results showed that the greater the extract concentration and the longer immersion the smaller the corrosion rate and the greater the eficciency. The fuctional groups adsorbed to the aurface of carbon steel are O-H, C=C and –CO-. Also in the fingerprint area indicate Fe-O bond is a complex between metal and extract compounds. The results of SEM-EDS analysis showed that on the carbon steel surface immersed in 3,5% NaCl solution without inhibitor formed more cracks than carbon steel surface immersed in 3,5% NaCl solution in the presence of beluntas leaf extract. Percentace of Fe for carbon steel immersed without an inhibitor is 70,88% while fore carbon steel immersed in the presence of an inhibitor of 77,83%. Keywords: Corrosion Rate, Carbon Steel, 3,5% NaCl, Inhibitor, Beluntas Leaf Extract

So far the application of chitosan as an adsorbent still uses microscale chitosan adsorbent. The microscale chitosan has not adsorbed waste maximally either to the weight of the adsorbent usage or the target adsorption capacity. Nanoscale adsorbent size has not been widely used, especially as an adsorbent of dyes waste. Therefore, through micro-size reconstruction into nano chitosan will provide maximum opportunities in its utilization. This study reconstructs the size of chitosan into nanochitosan and binds crosslinking with phosphate. Synthesis using ionic gelation method. The crosslinked results were characterized using FTIR, PSA and SEM-EDX instruments, followed by parameter optimization including pH optimization, interaction time, adsorption capacity and application. The amount of absorbed dye concentration was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The measurement results showed that the physical reconstruction of chitosan was successfully carried out with a wavelength range of 246nm-260nm as an indication of nanochitosan adsorbent at pH 7-9 using 5% nanochitosan. It was concluded that the nanochitosan from the synthesis could be reused for 2 times, with desorption percentage of 86%.

Herlang Subdistrict is the largest producer of coconut juice (along with Selayar Regency and JenepontoRegency) which is the raw material for coconut sugar production in South Sulawesi. Tugondeng Village is one ofthe villages in Herlang District. About 80% of Tugondeng villagers work in the coconut sugar manufacturingindustry. However, this potential has not well developed due to the low economic value of brown sugar. To increasethe selling price of coconut sugar produced by Tugondeng Village, efforts need to be made to process coconut sapand coconut sugar into products which have higher selling price, namely palm sugar. The steps taken to achieve theobjectives of this activity were : (a) presentation of material on how to process coconut sap and coconut sugar intopalm sugar; and (b) demonstration of preparing palm sugar from coconut sap and coconut sugar. The resultsobtained show that the process of making palm sugar from coconut sap and coconut sugar is quite simple and thepalm sugar produced has longer shelf-life than coconut sugar