O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as características das empresas que usufruem de subvenções e assistências governamentais. A amostra pesquisada compreendeu 791 notas explicativas de 113 empresas listadas no índice IBRX-100 da Bm&fBovespa, nos períodos de 2008 a 2014. As análises descritivas indicam que 48 empresas (43% da amostra) participaram de algum programa de Subvenção Governamental, totalizaram aproximadamente R$ 30 bilhões, dentre os setores e regiões que mais apresentam empresas detentoras de subvenções estão: i) Setores: energia elétrica, consumo cíclico, comércio, construção e engenharia, e metalúrgica; e ii) Regiões: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais. Os resultados obtidos com nas análises de regressão logísticas indicam que há uma probabilidade maior das empresas que possuem subvenções nas seguintes características: empresas mais lucrativas; tamanho da empresa, captação de recursos junto ao BNDES e ser auditada por um empresa Big4. Cabe esclarecer que a adoção das normas internacionais aumentou o nível de divulgação das informações referentes aos programas de subvenções e assistências governamentais, bem como os respectivos valores transacionados.

Governmental Grants subsidies are an economic contribution offered with public funds, the accounting standard defines them as a financial economic contribution that is not restricted to be the delivery only in cash but also with assets as other kind or incentives, as an example, a Public institution can donate a fixed asset (land , machinery and equipment) , or give loans with lower interest rates than the market, it can be offer tax holidays, finance projects in early stages of research and development, and it can institutionalize regional development funds, among others. In this context, this study aimed to identify the characteristics that classify companies that benefit from these resources. The scope of the study is descriptive with help of quantitative and qualitative variables with reference to the study of Rezende (2015). A survey data analysis was conducted with financial data of companies listed on IBRX-100 BM & FBovespa index. 791 financial notes corresponding to 113 companies in the years 2008 to 2014 were reviewed. They were collected from the websites of CVM and BM&FBovespa and for the statistical analysis a logistic regression using Stata software was applied. It was possible to identify that 48 companies corresponding to 43% of the sample were benefited quantifying around R$30 billion offered as government assistance during the study period for the sample. The emphasis is given to electrical energy, metallurgic, trade, construction and engineering, and metal as the most encouraged economic sectors, and the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais with the highest concentration of subsidized companies. Statistical results also show that most profitable companies receive grants and have more opportunities to benefit from it compared to less profitable companies. Also, the size of the company and the variable IFRS were equally significant, what seems to encourage that the transition to international standards increased disclosure of information relating to subsidies and government assistance by these companies. It was also statistically significant that companies be audited by large firms. Statistically, the fact that the company present tax contingencies classified as probable and possible decrease opportunities for the company to benefit from this public funds. And it was statistically significant that companies capture BNDES funds, resources that already represents a form of subsidy. These results coincide with some of the features already identified by Rezende (2015) were the author analyzed in detail the impact of tax incentives on returns, investment policies and business financing decisions.,. By this, we can conclude that statistically significant features may indicate an impact on the likelihood of companies to use subsidies or incentives from the government.