The work presented in this paper is motivated by the acknowledgement that a complete and updated systematic literature review (SLR) that consolidates all the research efforts for Big Data modeling and management is missing. This study answers three research questions. The first question is how the number of published papers about Big Data modeling and management has evolved over time. The second question is whether the research is focused on semi-structured and/or unstructured data and what techniques are applied. Finally, the third question determines what trends and gaps exist according to three key concepts: the data source, the modeling and the database. As result, 36 studies, collected from the most important scientific digital libraries and covering the period between 2010 and 2019, were deemed relevant. Moreover, we present a complete bibliometric analysis in order to provide detailed information about the authors and the publication data in a single document. This SLR reveal very interesting facts. For instance, Entity Relationship and document-oriented are the most researched models at the conceptual and logical abstraction level respectively and MongoDB is the most frequent implementation at the physical. Furthermore, 2.78% studies have proposed approaches oriented to hybrid databases with a real case for structured, semi-structured and unstructured data.

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This article describes researches regarding Big Data integration in e‑government decision‑making, for instance, in areas like solar energy provisioning, environmental protection, agricultural and natural resources exploitation, health and social care, education, housing and transportation management, among others. These studies refer to regions that have integrated Big Data in e‑government, where South America is still in the early adoption stages. Hence, this study proposes three steppingstones for Big Data integration in e‑government decision‑making, production, management and application. The proposed framework aims to be a reference in South America for Big Data adoption in e‑government and thus help to mitigate the technology delay regarding other regions. Finally, a case study with open data obtained from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos of Ecuador (Ecuadorian Statistics and Census Agency) is presented.

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