In machining operations, surface roughness (Ra) is an essential measure of product quality. It is determined by the cutting settings. The parameters that have been worked on are the Feed (F) (0.72, 0.88, 0.96, 1.12 mm/min), depth of cut (DOC) (0.5mm), and spindle speed (N) (545, 710, 1000, 1400 r.p.m). Three types of ferrous metals were employed in this study low-carbon steel St 3, medium-carbon steel St 45, and high-carbon steel Y8. According to the data, the optimal operating condition for obtaining the best surface roughness is 1.119 µm for low-carbon steel. St 3 from the product is by employing the following cutting settings for the cutter (feed 0.72 = mm/rev), (DOC= 0.5mm), and (machine speed =1400 rpm). But when using the cutting variables (feed 1.12 = mm/rev), (DOC = 0.5mm), and (machine speed = 545 rpm) for high-carbon steel Y8, gives the highest surface roughness is 4.999 µm . The experimental findings indicate that the surface roughness of turned components is considerably affected by cutting settings and machine equipment. According to the results of this study, increasing spindle speed lowered the Ra of the turned components, but rising feed increased the surface roughness. The value acquired by this approach will benefit other researchers for future work on tool vibrations, cutting forces, and so on.

Wire electrical discharge machining WEDM is one of the major non -traditional machining processes the application of WEDM has increased since 1970s', it has many application in the machining of conductive materials for production of aero space/ air craft, die/mold and medical parts ,this is due to high machining productivity, dimensional accuracy and surface quality ,in this study medium carbon steel 33 was machined by WEDM ,the experimental study determined the effect of pulse on time, pulse off time, servo feed rate on machined surface finish and material removal rate .the selected ranges of pulse on time ,pulse off time, servo feed rate were 8-11-14 sec,10-14-16 sec,2-3-5 mm/min respectively ,the results of present study determined that the most influential machining parameter on surface roughness was pulse on time, other parameters were less effective and the nearly only influential machining parameter on material removal rate was servo feed rate in the WEDM using brass wire of 0.25 mm.