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The epizootiology of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) in buffaloes and cattle in India is reported. Successful experimental transmission from natural MCF cases to buffalo calves was made in two serial passages. Attempts to infect the rabbits and to isolate a viral agent in bovine thyroid and other tissue cultures failed.

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Mycotic gastritis, primarily caused by Rhizopus sp. was seen in six buffalo calves (7-13 days old) at postmortem examination. The predominant lesions were numerous raised ulcers in which were hyphae of Rhizopus. In three calves, Candida organisms were also present superficially in the ulcers. Other changes in the mucosa were severe congestion, haemorrhage, thrombosis, necrosis, and infiltration by lymphocytes and neutrophils. Both Rhizopus and Candida were highly pathogenic to rabbits when inoculated intravenously. The disease could not be reproduced experimentally by feeding of Rhizopus orally to rabbits and calves.