A predation event by free-ranging dogs on the lowland tapir in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Dogs are associated with humans and human-dominated landscapes, and when they become feral and free-roaming, they can negatively impact wildlife through processes such as predation. In this study, we report a predation event of free-ranging dogs on lowland tapirs in a protected area (PA) of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. As tapirs can be vulnerable to dog attacks, especially in a protected area surrounded by farming activities, research programmes and monitoring of these areas are crucial to understand the impact of free-ranging domestic species on wildlife. Additionally, education programs and dog control should be incorporated into conservation plans in such areas around PAs.