The Brazilian Cerrado possesses a great diversity of xenarthrans with 12 species: eight armadillos, three anteaters, and one sloth. Even though several of these species are threatened, roadkill is considered a major threat only to Bradypus variegatus and a justification for listing Myrmecophaga tridactyla as Vulnerable. Here we present evidence that roadkill is a risk factor for xenarthran persistence, even to non-threatened species. To assess roadkill impact, we compiled articles related to mammal roadkill in the Brazilian Cerrado. One or more species of Xenarthra were among the top five most common roadkilled species in over 90% of the studies. The group represented over 50% of the recorded mammals in 33.3% of the papers and more than 40% in 66.6% of them. In 33.3% of the papers Pilosa contributed over 25% of the records and Cingulata presented the same proportion in 44.4% of them. This study reinforces the idea that roadkill must be considered a major threat to xenarthran populations in conservation status assessments. Therefore, we suggest that mitigation measures be implemented, and that the IUCN take into account that roadkill is one of the greatest threats to populations of xenarthrans.